Complex global food chains and rising demand for high-quality halal product requires better and more efficient management. Traditionally, the Halal Assurance System (HAS) and Quality Management System (QMS) have been implemented separately, resulting in overlapping processes and redundant documentation. In the era of digital transformation and Industry 4.0, integrating these systems digitally improves traceability, compliance, and overall organization’s performance. This review aimed to examine current trends, technologies, and research gaps related to the digitalization of integrated Halal and Quality Management Systems (HAS–QMS). A comprehensive literature analysis highlights the role of emerging technologies—such as blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and big data analytics—in supporting halal integrity and quality assurance across the food value chain. The findings indicated that digital integration facilitates real-time monitoring, automated documentation, and improved audit readiness. However, challenges persist in areas such as data interoperability, standard harmonization, regulatory acceptance, and the digital readiness of small and medium enterprises. The paper proposed a conceptual framework for the digitalized integration of HAS and QMS, aligning technological capabilities with halal and quality compliance requirements. To align with industry 5.0, future research should standardize models, test performance, and integrate sustainability and ethical standards.

The rapid expansion of agro-industrial activities in Indonesia has led to a significant increase in exhaust gas emissions, including formaldehyde (HCHO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO). These pollutants contribute to the formation of tropospheric ozone, acid rain, and greenhouse effects, which directly impact human health and ecosystems. Although wet scrubber technology is widely used to reduce such pollutants, conventional systems remain limited, particularly in capturing non-polar gases and micro-particles. This study developed a biomaterial-based wet scrubber system that integrates a mechanical approach (nozzle diameter variation) with a material approach (banana-stem biomaterial filter) to improve pollutant gas absorption efficiency. Four nozzle diameters (0.8, 0.5, 0.3, and 0.1 mm) and three biomaterial filter densities (50, 75, and 100 g/L) were tested for their performance in absorbing HCHO, VOCs, CO₂, and CO gases. The results demonstrated that the combination of a 0.3 mm nozzle and a 100 g/L banana-stem filter achieved the highest absorption efficiencies 87.5% for VOCs, 84.2% for HCHO, and 90.1% for CO₂. The decrease in water pH from 7.1 to 5.8 indicated enhanced dissolution of acidic gases, while the increase in TDS up to 1.350 mg/L reflected the accumulation of dissolved compounds due to absorption reactions. ANOVA analysis confirmed that both nozzle diameter and filter density significantly affected system efficiency (p < 0.05). This study highlights the potential of integrating biomaterial-based wet scrubber technology as an effective, economical, and sustainable solution for industrial air pollution control, supporting the transition toward green industrial practices in Indonesia.

The increasing volume of food waste (FW) presents a serious environmental challenge. Valorisation through anaerobic digestion is a key strategy. This study aimed to assess the biogas potential from the anaerobic co-digestion of FW with cattle manure (C:FW) and goat manure (G:FW) by applying three kinetic models (modified Gompertz, Logistic, Michaelis-Menten) to the cumulative biogas production data. The analysis revealed that the modified Gompertz model provided the highest accuracy in predicting yield. Although the Logistic model yielded high R2 values, its predicted maximum biogas potential (Pm) (61-87 ml) was highly unrealistic. Conversely, the Gompertz model, with good R2 values (0.879-0.949), provided Pm values that corresponded with the experimental data. The Gompertz model predicted the highest biogas potential in the G:FW (50:50) at 30.04 ml. This yield was higher than the C:FW (50:50) mixture at 26.53 ml. This performance of the G:FW mixture was attributed to an optimal C/N ratio (26.80), and a higher Volatile Solids (%WW) content (21.47%) compared to the C:FW mixture (16.30%), providing more organic material for biogas conversion. This study concludes G:FW co-digestion is the most effective valorisation strategy and validates the Gompertz model as the most reliable tool for yield assessment in the design of waste-to-energy systems in the agro-industry.

The palm oil agroindustry plays a vital role in global food supply chains but faces increasing pressure to enhance sustainability and resource efficiency. As environmental challenges intensify, integrating digital and accounting innovations has become essential for achieving circular value creation. This study conducts a systematic literature review of Scopus-indexed articles from 2019 to 2025 to examine how Digital Green Management Accounting (DGMA) supports the implementation of Circular Economy (CE) principles in the palm oil sector. The findings reveal that, although many studies address technological and environmental aspects—such as biomass utilization, waste-to-energy systems, and bio-based products—few explore the managerial accounting mechanisms that operationalize these initiatives. The review identifies a critical research gap in connecting digital accounting tools, including Material Flow Cost Accounting (MFCA) and Environmental Management Accounting (EMA), with circular performance metrics. To bridge this gap, a conceptual framework for a digital circular accounting system is proposed, integrating IoT, AI, and blockchain technologies to enhance real-time monitoring, traceability, and sustainability reporting. This framework provides strategic insights for agro-industrial firms seeking to align profitability with environmental responsibility and advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 12 on responsible consumption and production.

Gummy candies are popular semi-solid products but mostly are high in sucrose and low in nutritional value. Fortification with Chlorella vulgaris, which is rich in protein and micronutrients, and the use of xylitol as a low-calorie sweetener, has the potential to improve the functional quality of the product. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of variations in Chlorella vulgaris and xylitol on the physicochemical characteristics of gummy candies using a one-factor completely randomized design with five formulations (F0–F4). The analysis included physical properties (i.e., hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, adhesiveness), chemical properties (i.e., pH, total protein, soluble, insoluble), and functional groups through FTIR. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on all parameters. The best selected formulation produced a hardness of 2.37 N, cohesiveness of 0.78, gumminess of 0.84 N, chewiness of 1.21 Nmm, and total protein of 11.99%. The FTIR spectrum identified O–H bands at 3283.75 cm⁻¹, C–H at 2920.39 cm⁻¹, and Amide I at 1632.18 cm⁻¹, indicating interactions between components in the gel matrix. Overall, the combination of Chlorella vulgaris and xylitol produces high-protein gummy candies with good physicochemical quality and potential as functional foods supporting stunting prevention.

Tourism destinations in Indonesia generate food waste in significant number and contribute to 39.78% of total national food waste (FW). However, characterization data for bioprocess applications and evaluations of waste processing remains limited. This study aimed to quantify and characterize food waste from tourism destinations to assess baseline conditions for circular economy and bioprocess implementation. FW was systematically collected and analysed from Jatim Park 2 tourism facilities over Oktober 2024 to January 2025. Food waste generation rates, physical composition, and chemical properties were determined. Existing waste management framework assessed using observational method and stakeholder interviews. Average of 89.2kg/day food waste was generated from 1 main restaurant and 16 food seller in Jatim Park 2 area and predicted to increase up to 121.5kg/day in weekend or holiday. Average moisture content was 72.71%, total solid of 27.29%, and C/N ratio of 46.40. Existing waste processing was limited to collect and transport from waste collection point to waste storage point only. Furthermore, external contractors were contracted to provide waste and FW disposal services. Unfortunately, their partners do not have sufficient disposal service capacity to handle the volume of waste and FW produced. This inadequacy results in the accumulation of waste and FW to a significant volume. In general, the results indicate that tourism FW represent significant untapped resources. The baseline data provides foundation for suitable FW management strategies. Implementation of circular economy could transform FW streams into valuable products contributing to sustainable tourism development.

Tempeh is one of the most commonly consumed plant-based protein sources in Indonesia. However, heavy reliance on imported soybeans undermines national food security. As an alternative, jack bean-based tempeh (Canavalia ensiformis) offers promising potential due to its high protein and antioxidant content. Currently, this product is still in development and not widely available in the Aceh region. Initial production has begun in Java, especially in Bogor, which has successfully introduced jack bean tempeh as a food security alternative. This product serves as a benchmark in this study, which explores its potential acceptance in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar. The research aimed to analyze consumer preferences for jack bean-based tempeh to identify market opportunities and develop appropriate marketing strategies. Based on conjoint analysis, the most influential attribute in purchasing decisions is the product label (15.818%), followed by packaging, texture, size, certification, promotional media, point of purchase, brand, and label type. The most preferred combination includes smooth texture, banana leaf packaging, medium size, halal and BPOM certification, a traditional brand name, complete label information, sticker-type labeling, availability in traditional markets, and promotion through social media.

Energy is an important factor supporting the fulfillment of human life needs and the economy in both developed and developing countries, including Indonesia. One energy source that has potential for development and implementation in Indonesia is biomass. Livestock manure is one of the biomasses available in Indonesia that contains methane gas which can be used as a biogas energy source. Initial substrate characterization is very important for understanding the potential and efficiency of anaerobic fermentation processes in biogas production. Cattle manure as lignocellulose biomass has physical and chemical properties that affect the rate of organic degradation and methane yield. The CHNSO test method uses CHNSO Elemental analyzer, Hemicellulose test uses the Chesson method, Total N test uses the Kjeldahl method, P and K methods follow SNI 7763: 2018. Research results showed C 41.27%, H 4.63%, N 0.954%, S n. a, O 18.01%, N-Total 1.365, P₂O₅ 0.797, K₂O 0.594, Hemicellulose 15.788, Cellulose 34.62, Lignin 29.85, Lignocellulose 80.26, Dry Matter 93.97, Ash Content 18.26, Crude Protein 7.43, Crude Fiber 35.85, Crude Fat 0.28, Methane Yield Content 109.80. Cattle manure has high lignocellulose content and optimal C/N ratio with methane yield of 109.80 mL/g VS, demonstrating potential as a renewable energy substrate as well as raw material for organic fertilizer rich in macro nutrients.

A performance evaluation system for the coffee supply chain is essential to ensure the sustainability of the coffee industry in the Malang Raya region. This study aimed to design a performance measurement system focusing on the social dimension of the coffee supply chain in Malang Raya, to assess the performance score of each indicator and provide improvement recommendations. The performance evaluation applies the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, with weighting of performance indicators using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and normalization of values using the Snorm De Boer method. The Traffic Light System (TLS) is employed to identify priority indicators for improvement. Results from the SCOR-based assessment indicate that Karangploso farmers scored 61.03 (Average), Dampit farmers 70.01 (Good), and Wonosantri farmers 78.32 (Good). The performance score for the roastery was 67.66 (Average), while the coffee industry scored 79.53 (Good). Based on the TLS approach, improvement recommendations for farmers, roasteries, and the coffee industry include enhancing workforce training and skill development, increasing local labor absorption, developing policies to fulfill social standards, expanding strategic partnerships, and promoting the sustainability of the coffee industry through a holistic, multi-stakeholder approach.

Natural edible coatings offer a viable solution to extend post-harvest longevity by creating a protective barrier that inhibits the quality degradation. This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pectin-based edible coating fortified with clove oil (CO) on the quality of fresh-cut crystal guava (FCG). A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied in preparing the edible coating formulations. The treatments consisted of pectin concentrations (i.,e. 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% (w/v)) each incorporated with 25% (v/v) CO. The edible coating was applied to FCG and then stored for 2, 4, 6, and 8 days at room temperature. Subsequently, physicochemical properties of FCG such as weight loss, moisture, vitamin C content, hardness, and total plate count (TPC) were periodically assessed. The optimal formulation was identified as P1M (1% pectin; 0.25% CO), which most effectively preserved FCG. This treatment resulted in a minimal weight loss of 2.32%, maintained high moisture content (88.26%), preserved vitamin C (0.22 ppm), and retained texture (621.23 gf). Crucially, the TPC remained within the acceptable microbial limits. These findings demonstrate that the coating is a promising natural preservative for extending the shelf life of FCG.