Origami-inspired materials enable sophisticated three-dimensional (3D) structural designs, yet conventional materials face an intrinsic conflict between strength and flexibility. Herein, foldable bamboo (FB) is fabricated by mimicking the rove beetle wing's microstructure and bidirectional folding mechanism, coupled with a microwrinkling engineering and waterborne polyurethane (WPU) loading strategy to decouple mechanical trade-offs. Selective lignin removal and cellulose framework softening induce rearrangement of the hydrogen bond network, driving microfibril aggregation and formation of surface microwrinkles. These features enhance interfacial friction and mechanical interlocking. Reinforced by WPU penetration and film formation, this multiscale structure (from molecular to macro levels) endows FB with exceptional folding endurance (24,793 cycles, >24× higher than bamboo veneer, BV). Simultaneously, FB achieves a 59.18% increase in transverse tensile strength, 16.06% higher elongation at break, and 54.48% improved bursting strength. These properties, especially folding endurance, not only surpass most biobased materials but also compete favorably with many polymers and metals. Notably, FB further demonstrates enhanced hydrophobicity, tunable light transmittance, inkjet compatibility, and unlimited splicing capability, enabling robust performance under tension, compression, and folding. These advantages underpin FB's large-scale applications in sustainable, sophisticated 3D structural designs, such as packaging, decoration, and outdoor engineering.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a severely irreversible chronic disease affecting approximately 3 million individuals worldwide, with its pathogenic mechanisms remaining incompletely elucidated. Currently, treatment options of IPF are very limited, with only two FDA-approved drugs. The development of innovative therapeutics and advanced delivery technologies represents a pivotal step to overcoming the current clinical challenges of IPF. CO-based gas therapy is recognized as a potential IPF therapeutic strategy. However, a safe and efficient delivery of CO to pulmonary fibrosis tissue remains a challenge, constraining advancements in this field. To address the above issues, a lung-targeted carrier of CO (LTCoCO) was developed in this study by directly encapsulating CO within phospholipid microspheres, leveraging size-dependent pulmonary retention and selective organ targeting (SORT) principles. By regulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and exerting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrotic activities, LTCoCOs have demonstrated in vivo inhibition of IPF, resulting in significant recovery from bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Mechanistic in vitro studies identified LTCoCOs as potent inhibitors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (E(nd)MT), and fibroblast activation (FA), acting through both canonical and noncanonical TGF-β1 pathways to achieve robust antifibrotic effects. In summary, an LTCoCO-based strategy for IPF inhibition has been established. These findings expand treatment options and provide a theoretical framework for the IPF clinical application of gas therapy.

Observation of superconductivity, magnetism, and correlated insulating phases driven by the moiré potential in twisted graphene bilayer has opened the exciting new field of "twistronics". Even richer physics is expected if moiré superlattice could be generated on topological insulators; however, until now, experimental studies have been scarce. Here, we demonstrate topological moirés generated by adsorbing a monolayer of noble gas on a topological insulator. By angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we show that the moiré potential replicates the topological surface state and affects it in a way fundamentally different from the trivial states. Replicated Dirac cones generally avoid crossings, except at the time-reversal invariant momenta that remain gapless. This creates van Hove singularities at the moiré Brillouin zone corners, providing the mechanism of enhancing correlations. Indeed, we observe a strong enhancement of the electron-phonon coupling strength that, if properly tuned, might lead to topological superconductivity and Majorana Fermions.

Type I photosensitizers (PSs), which generate Type I reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the electron transfer pathway and remain effective under hypoxic conditions, provide a promising solution to overcome the oxygen dependence of the currently dominant Type II PSs in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Yet, the lack of a mechanistic framework for designing Type I PSs has made their discovery largely empirical. Here, we present an excited-state-guided molecular design system that treats key excited-state properties, low first triplet-state (T1) energy, and a small singlet-triplet (ΔEST) energy gap as joint optimization objectives to suggest candidates with Type I characteristics. Starting from 147 molecular fragments, the system generates 713 candidate molecules designed for Type I behavior. Two representative molecules (NIDPP and NAAID) are further synthesized and experimentally validated, both exhibiting robust superoxide anion (O2•-) radical production, thereby confirming Type I behavior. This study demonstrates that the excited-state-guided molecular design strategy is effective toward the discovery of next-generation PSs for hypoxia-resilient PDT.

Environmentally adaptive hydrogels undergo reconfiguration under external stimuli, suitable for intelligent sensing, bioinspired actuation, and soft robotics. However, achieving programmable three-dimensional (3D) morphing in homogeneous hydrogels under constant stimuli remains quite challenging despite the tremendous research efforts. Herein, inspired by the directional ion-transport actuation of starfish, supramolecular poly(amic acid) salt (PAAS) hydrogels with predictable 3D structure formation were developed through directional metal ion transport imparted by seawater. These hydrogels were prepared through aqueous polymerization of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (s-BPDA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA) in the presence of organic bases with imidazole moieties (1,2-dimethylimidazole (DMZ), imidazole (IM), and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)imidazole (HIM)), followed by thermal treatment at 50 °C. The resultant hydrogels, featuring high-density carboxylates, enable programmable 3D shape-morphing under seawater stimulation through spatially asymmetric (Ca2+/Mg2+)-carboxylate cross-linking and swelling/contraction. The dynamic supramolecular networks provide remarkable reconfigurability, with repeated reconstruction of complex 3D architectures. Specifically, the hydrogels show exceptional stability with low equilibrium swelling ratios (<50%), increased tensile strength (up to 2.1 MPa), and all 180° deformations completed within 70 s. Overall, programming 3D morphologies of homogeneous hydrogels using a single stimulus has potential for advancing shape-morphing engineering.

Metal-ion-based antibacterial agents are promising against antibiotic-resistant bacteria like MRSA, but their reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent bactericidal activity is greatly hampered by the infection-related hypoxic microenvironments. Here, we green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the surface of biocompatible microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (CV) to develop a live cell-metal hybrid system. These living cyborg AgNP@CV microalgae not only provide sustained oxygen generation to alleviate hypoxia under illumination due to their photosynthetic capability, but also synergistically enhance Ag ion-mediated ROS production to kill MRSA. Moreover, AgNP@CV promotes angiogenesis of endothelial cells via the VEGF-VEGFR2-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, facilitating tissue regeneration. In a clinically relevant MRSA-infected wound model, a single dose of AgNP@CV achieves efficient bacterial elimination and wound healing, significantly surpassing Ag-containing hydrogel dressing. In addition, this approach is universal and cost-effective for producing many other metal-NP@CV systems with strong antibacterial ability, such as CuNP@CV and ZnNP@CV. These cyborg microalgae provide a sustainable and translatable strategy for treating resistant bacterial infections through self-oxygenation and synergistic metal ion therapy.

The tandem strategy for electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECO2R), which utilizes CO gas as the essential intermediate, offers a promising route for converting CO2 into multicarbon (C2+) products. However, inefficient retention and utilization of the CO intermediate remain fundamental issues limiting the practical viability of these tandem systems. Here, we introduce a proof-of-concept "CO reservoir" strategy to directly address this bottleneck. With a well-defined bilayer tandem ECO2R system, we show that incorporating N-doped carbon nanotube (NCNT) as a CO reservoir into the downstream Cu catalyst layer simultaneously enhances the retention time, local concentration, and utilization efficiency of the CO intermediate, a discovery validated by COMSOL simulations, potential-step chronoamperometry, theoretical calculations, and in situ Raman spectroscopy. Enabled by this reservoir effect, the tandem electrocatalyst demonstrates exceptional CO2-to-C2+ performance, achieving a peak C2+ Faradaic efficiency ) of 87.1 ± 2.7% and, notably, an optimal C2+ partial current density exceeding 1 A cm-2. The CO reservoir strategy constitutes a promising approach for effective intermediate management in tandem ECO2R systems, establishing a viable tandem route toward industrial-level C2+ production from CO2.

Nanoparticle morphology is a critical determinant of physical and chemical properties, yet the fundamental mechanisms governing how specific shapes emerge during crystallization remain elusive. In this work, we reveal that the final morphology of binary core-shell nanoparticles is governed by a kinetic bifurcation in nucleation modes: surface-nucleation mode and inner-nucleation mode. Using binary Pt@Au core-shell nanoparticles as a representative model system, we identify a "kinetic switch" regulated by the shell-to-core atomic ratio. At low shell concentrations, the surface faceting effect of the core remains, acting as a template for surface nucleation that yields 5-fold twinned structures. As the shell concentration increases, the gold atoms progressively disrupt the surface faceting of the platinum core, shifting the nucleation site to the core interior and resulting in single-crystalline morphologies. We demonstrate that this transition is driven by shell-induced disruption of surface faceting rather than thermodynamic stability alone, and we establish a mechanistic link between nucleation position and final morphology. By elucidation of these two intrinsic crystallization pathways and the origin of their bifurcation, this work provides a predictive framework for the rational design and kinetic control of binary nanomaterials.

Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) adoptive transfer therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in hematologic malignancies. However, the therapeutic efficacy of CAR-T in treating solid tumors, particularly "cold tumors" such as prostate cancer, is significantly restricted by the cumbersome ex vivo manufacturing, impaired T cell fitness, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that blunts T cell function. Here, we successfully constructed a nanodelivery system based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). This system exhibited high CAR-gene encapsulation efficiency, reduced nonspecific hepatic accumulation, targeted delivery to tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and efficient intracellular gene transfection efficiency, enabling in situ construction of chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M). Co-delivery of IFN-γ and CAR genes not only maintained the specific tumor-killing and phagocytic activity of CAR-Ms against tumor cells but also activated adaptive immunity, inducing excellent antitumor efficacy, as evidenced by the observed 95.54% inhibition of tumor growth in a prostate cancer mouse model. This strategy provides a promising approach for systematic in vivo editing of CAR-Ms.