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VINNYTSIA REGION: STATUS AND TRENDS OF PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND STORAGE OF GRAIN

The article is devoted to the study of the state of production, processing and storage of grain in the Vinnytsia region. The objectives of the research were to monitor the collected areas and gross harvests of the main crops in 2011-2021, establish the trends of their changes, analyze the capacities of transport and technological equipment and granaries of the region. The analysis was conducted on the basis of data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2011-2021. The analysis of harvested areas and gross harvests of grain of the main crops at agricultural enterprises of the region in 2011–2021 showed their tendency to increase. During this period, harvested areas increased by 1.42 times, and annual volumes of gross grain harvests had a wave-like growth pattern. Linear trend equations are proposed for forecasting harvested areas and gross grain harvests, which are characterized by coefficients of determination R2 of 0.79 and 0.65, respectively. The largest gross harvests were given by corn, wheat and sunflower, and smaller – by barley, soybeans and rapeseed. In 2018-2021, the gross harvest of these crops was within the following limits (thousand tons): corn 2015-2620, wheat 1200-1691, and sunflower 755-1001. 66 enterprises receive grain from vehicles, and 65 forward it. The average capacity of receiving grain is 3032.41 t/day, and forwarding 1183.61 t/day. There are 21 railway transport enterprises hiring, and 55 enterprises offering leave. The average capacity of receiving devices from the railway is 949.52 t/day, and the output capacity is 1448.69 t/day. 111 grain dryers from 11 producing countries are installed at the considered 53 enterprises of the region. Of them, 18.9% of enterprises have dryers of Ukrainian production only, 20.8% of enterprises have both domestic and foreign ones, but the majority of enterprises have dryers of foreign production only, which are 1.85 times more than the number of Ukrainian made dryers. It was established that 82 separators are used for grain cleaning at 37 elevators, most of which (63%) are domestically produced, which outnumber imported ones by 1.73 times. The total capacity of simultaneous storage of grain in 67 elevators of agricultural enterprises is 3554.35 thousand tons, of which 2449.41 thousand tons have harvesting elevators and 1104.94 thousand tons – production elevators. Their simultaneous storage capacity is less than the forecast values of gross grain harvests in 2022 – 6354.2 thousand tons, which requires the expansion of the elevator network of the Vinnytsia region.

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Autophagy and its role in gastrointestinal diseases

Gastrointestinal disorders encompass a spectrum of conditions affecting various organs within the digestive system, such as the esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, liver, small intestine, and bile ducts. The role of autophagy in the etiology and progression of gastrointestinal diseases has garnered significant attention. This paper seeks to evaluate the impact and mechanisms of autophagy in gastrointestinal disorders by synthesizing recent research findings. Specifically, we delve into inflammation-related gastrointestinal conditions, including ul-cerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and pancreatitis, as well as gastrointestinal cancers such as esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Additionally, we provide commentary on a recent publication by Chang et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology . Our objective is to offer fresh perspectives on the mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for these gastrointestinal ailments. This review aims to offer new perspectives on the mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal disorders by critically analyzing relevant publications. As discussed, the role of autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases is complex and, at times, contentious. To harness the full therapeutic potential of autophagy in treating these conditions, more in-depth research is imperative.

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Advancing gastrointestinal stromal tumor management: The role of imagomics features in precision risk assessment

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) vary widely in prognosis, and traditional pathological assessments often lack precision in risk stratification. Advanced imaging techniques, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), offer potential improvements. This study investigates how MRI imagomics can enhance risk assessment and support personalized treatment for GIST patients. AIM To assess the effectiveness of MRI imagomics in improving GIST risk stratification, addressing the limitations of traditional pathological assessments. METHODS Analyzed clinical and MRI data from 132 GIST patients, categorizing them by tumor specifics and dividing into risk groups. Employed dimension reduction for optimal imagomics feature selection from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), and contrast enhanced T1WI with fat saturation (CE-T1WI) fat suppress (fs) sequences. RESULTS Age, lesion diameter, and mitotic figures significantly correlated with GIST risk, with DWI sequence features like sphericity and regional entropy showing high predictive accuracy. The combined T1WI and CE-T1WI fs model had the best predictive efficacy. In the test group, the DWI sequence model demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.960 with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 100.0%. On the other hand, the combined performance of the T1WI and CE-T1WI fs models in the test group was the most robust, exhibiting an AUC value of 0.834, a sensitivity of 70.4%, and a specificity of 85.2%. CONCLUSION MRI imagomics, particularly DWI and combined T1WI/CE-T1WI fs models, significantly enhance GIST risk stratification, supporting precise preoperative patient assessment and personalized treatment plans. The clinical implications are profound, enabling more accurate surgical strategy formulation and optimized treatment selection, thereby improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on multicenter studies to validate these findings, integrate advanced imaging technologies like PET/MRI, and incorporate genetic factors to achieve a more comprehensive risk assessment.

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Research status and hotspots in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts based on CiteSpace bibliometric analysis

BACKGROUND The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an important technique for treating complications related to portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis, and the number of publications in the TIPS field continues to rise. AIM To facilitate an understanding of the research status and hotspots in the field of TIPS using CiteSpace bibliometric analysis. METHODS CiteSpace is a software that depicts the strength of relationships through graphics and connections with diverse functionalities and can be used to analyze the status and hotspots of areas of research. Articles on TIPS in the Web of Science Core Collection were retrieved, and CiteSpace software was used to visualize and analyze the number of publications, journals, countries, institutions, authors, keywords, and citations. RESULTS A total of 985 relevant documents were included in the analysis. From January 2013 to December 2022, the number of publications increased annually. The journal, institution, and author with the greatest number of publications in the field of TIPS are the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology , the University of Bonn, and Jonel Trebicka, respectively. The main keywords used in this field are “transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt”, “portal hypertension”, “cirrhosis”, “management”, “stent”, “hepatic encephalopathy”, “refractory ascite”, “survival”, “risk”, and “variceal bleeding”. The greatest obstacle to TIPS placement is currently the occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy. The research hotspots are the mechanism, risk factors, management, and control of hepatic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION This bibliometric analysis reported the research status and hotspots of TIPS. Research on postoperative hepatic encephalopathy is the research hotspot in this field.

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Trend of robot-assisted surgery system in gastrointestinal and liver surgery: A bibliometric analysis

BACKGROUND Robot-assisted gastrointestinal and liver surgery has been an important development direction in the field of surgery in recent years and it is also one of the fastest developing and most concerning fields in surgical operations. AIM To illustrate the major areas of research and forward-looking directions over the past twenty-six years. METHODS Using the Web of Science Core Collection database, a comprehensive review of scholarly articles pertaining to robot-assisted gastrointestinal and liver surgery was researched out between 2000 and 2023. We used Citespace (Version 6.2.4) and Bibliometrix package (Version 4.3.0) to visualize the analysis of all publications including country, institutional affiliations, authors, and keywords. RESULTS In total, 346 articles were retrieved. Surgical Endoscopy had with the largest number of publications and was cited in this field. The United States was a core research country in this field. Yonsei University was the most productive institution. The current focus of this field is on rectal surgery, long-term prognosis, perioperative management, previous surgical experience, and the learning curve. CONCLUSION The scientific interest in robot-assisted gastrointestinal and liver surgery has experienced a significant rise since 1997. This study provides new perspectives and ideas for future research in this field.

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