AbstractMiddle Miocene reservoirs in the southern part of the Gulf of Suez province are characterized by geometrical uncertainties due to their structural settings, lateral facies change, different lithologies, and diverse reservoir quality. Therefore, in this study, detailed 3D geo-static models were constructed by integrating multiple datasets, including 2D seismic sections and digital well-logs. The 3D models were constructed for the Belayim Formation (Hammam Faraun Member), Kareem Formation (Markha Member), and Rudies Formation (Upper Rudies Member) with detailed structuration, zonation, and layering for Amal Field in the southern Gulf of Suez province to assess the hydrocarbon potential, calculate accurate reserves, recommend development and exploration plans, and propose locations for future drilling. The resultant structural model exhibited a compartmentalized area of major and minor normal faults trending NW–SE, forming structurally high potential hydrocarbon trapping locations in the study area. The petrophysical models indicated the good potentiality of Hammam Faraun as a reservoir with porosity values of 15–23%, increasing towards the central part of the area, volume of shale (Vsh) of 21–31%, water saturation (Sw) of 34–49%, and sand thickness increasing toward the northeastern part of the area. The Markha Member was also interpreted as a good reservoir, with porosity values of 15–22%, increasing towards the southeastern part of the area, Vsh of 13–29%, Sw of 16–38%, and sandy facies accumulating in the central horst block. Upper Rudies exhibits good reservoir properties with porosity values of 16–23%, Vsh of 29–37%, Sw of 35–40%, and good sandy facies in the central horst block of the area. The study results showed hydrocarbon potential in the central horst block of the study area for the Middle Miocene multi-reservoirs.

AbstractThis paper describes mineral prospectivity research conducted in Finland to predict favorable areas for cobalt exploration using the “fuzzy logic overlay” method in a GIS platform and public geodata of the Geological Survey of Finland. Cobalt occurs infrequently as a core product in mineral deposits. Therefore, we decided to construct separate conceptual mineral prospectivity models within the Northern Fennoscandian Shield, Finland, for four deposit types: (1) “Orthomagmatic Ni–Cu–Co sulfide deposits,” (2) “Outokumpu-type mantle peridotite-associated volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS)-style Cu–Co–Zn–Ni–Ag–Au deposits,” (3) “Talvivaara black shale-hosted Ni–Zn–Cu–Co-type deposits” and (4) “Kuusamo-type (orogenic gold with atypical metal association) Au–Co–Cu–U–LREE deposits”. In addition, we created a model combining till geochemical data with data derived from bedrock drilling and mineral indications, including boulders and outcrops. The mineral prospectivity models were statistically tested with the “receiver operating characteristics” method using exploration drilling data from known mineral deposits as validation sites. In addition, the predictive performance of the models was evaluated by using success rate curves, where the number of previously identified deposits was compared with the area coverage of the predicted highly favorable areas. These results indicate that the knowledge-driven mineral prospectivity method using parameters derived from mineral systems models is effective in defining favorable exploration target areas at the regional scale. This study's innovation lies in its comprehension of the process of evaluating mineral prospectivity when the commodity of interest is not the primary commodity within the mineral system.