Abstract Nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention from researchers due to their notable optical properties, demonstrating a significant enhancement in UV-visible sensitivity. This investigation aimed to fabricate colorimetric films through the amalgamation of starch with silver nanoparticles (Cit-AgNPs) for fenobucarb detection in fruits. The resultant films presented a uniform surface, the thickness of which was contingent upon the quantity of Cit-AgNPs integrated. Introducing fenobucarb into the Cit-AgNPs film induced displacement of negatively charged Ag surfaces. Remarkably, metal nanoparticles endowed with specific ligands have exhibited substantial promise in the advancement of miniaturized colorimetric assays, capable of detecting a broad spectrum of molecules, thereby facilitating the identification of trace-level target analytes through discernible visible color alterations perceptible to the unaided eye. Using localized surface plasmon resonance principles and nanoparticle self-assembly aggregation, plasmonic Ag has been effectively enhanced, resulting in a transition from yellow to dark grey-brown hue. The proposed sensor methodology demonstrates a linear range spanning from 0.005 µM to 500 µM, with a limit of detection and a limit of quantification of 8.86 µM and 29.53 µM, respectively. Determining fenobucarb in grapes, pumpkins, and passion fruit has consistently exhibited high reproducibility and reliability. This study is a paradigm of a straightforward, expeditious, and economically viable approach for fenobucarb detection in food commodities, presenting a novel avenue for evaluating food safety.
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