ABSTRACT Assessing the personal and professional skills alongside the academic ability of applicants is vital for holistic admissions practices. While these soft skills can be assessed via interviews, the time and resources required to conduct them mean that they are often impractical to offer to every applicant. Situational judgment tests (SJT), particularly open-response SJTs, offer a resource-friendly method for assessing these skills early in the admissions process prior to deciding who should interview. We explored the extent to which a new SJT format, an open-response SJT with both typed- and video-response items, could predict future interview performance using admissions data from 1,011 applicants to two US medical school programs. Correlation (r=0.37–0.48) and logistic regression results (OR = 1.668–2.595) indicate that the updated SJT format has an increased ability to predict future interview performance relative to the previous format which consisted solely of typed-response items.

ABSTRACTRiver restoration is a multibillion‐dollar industry, but oversight, assessment requirements, and frameworks remain disparate. This study examines the case of the Little Thompson River (Colorado, USA), a mountain stream disturbed by a 2013 flood (500‐year recurrence interval) and subsequently reconstructed for flood mitigation. We compare the Little Thompson River Restored Site to a Reference tributary impacted by the same flood event, allowing for an assessment of stream recovery under different circumstances. Results suggest the Reference Site is in a quasi‐equilibrium with ecogeomorphic variables, while the Restored Site is not. The Restored Site had a step‐pool/pool‐riffle design but a plane‐bed slope (0.024 m/m). Grain‐size analysis showed a distribution (D50 = 55 mm and D90 = 126 mm) not mobilized by typical flows (e.g., 2‐year), and most flows (> 2‐year) would not inundate the floodplain region. The Reference Site had expected (based on reference systems with similar watershed positions) pool‐riffle morphology and grain size (slope = 0.013 m/m; D50 = 38 mm and D90 = 108 mm), is mobilized by typical flows, and the floodplain region inundates at flows > 2‐year. Vegetation surveys showed that only Salix and naturally recruited Populus are prolific at the Restored Site, while the Reference Site has a denser and more diverse plant community. Our study suggests allowing for natural plant succession, primarily recruitment of Populus, complemented with low‐cost, effective, simple Salix plantings, and preserving seed banks where possible could aid future restoration projects. Our results raise questions about the efficacy of channel construction and revegetation efforts in post‐flood restoration of mountain streams and highlight simple recommendations for future restoration projects.

Purpose This study aims to identify a meta-narrative that depicts a big picture of the consumer journey with access-based consumption (ABC). Specifically, this research reveals the points of engagement and disengagement with ABC, as well as the transitions between them. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research methodology is applied wherein online reviews and blogs pertaining to Rent the Runway (RTR), an access-based fashion company that enables consumers to rent designer dresses and accessories, are analyzed. Specifically, individual textual narratives of users’ experiences with RTR are analyzed, and a meta-narrative is identified that depicts an overarching story of the consumer ABC journey. Findings A dominant meta-narrative is unearthed that not only captures the points of engagement (initiation, experimentation, alternation, devotion) and disengagement (rejection, renunciation, recantation, reversion) with ABC, but also represents the moments of transition between engagement and disengagement points. Practical implications This research would enable marketers in the ABC domain to identify consumer challenges at different points of their journey and devise corrective acquisition and retention strategies. The paths of transition between OBC and ABC could provide guidance for marketing managers to align their strategies (e.g. service recovery, advertising and resource management) with the engagement and disengagement points in the consumer journey. Originality/value This research extends previous work on ownership-based consumption and ABC by providing a nuanced understanding of not only the ideal journey where engagement is maintained, but also those moments of disengagement where consumers break off from ABC.

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the impact of a multitiered behavior support model on preservice special education teachers’ implementation of behavior-specific praise (BSP) during a field-based practicum. Given the increasing prevalence of challenging behaviors in schools and documented gaps in classroom management training, innovative interventions are needed to better prepare educators. Employing a concurrent multiple baseline design across three participants, tiered behavior support was implemented. Tier 1 consisted of a universal training on BSP for all participants. In Tier 2, participants engaged in individualized goal setting and received daily brief prompts via text message. Tier 3 added visual performance feedback – presented as line graphs comparing actual BSP delivery rates with individualized goals. Data were collected through frequency recording during 10-minute observation sessions, and visual analysis revealed a functional relation between the tiered intervention and increased BSP use. Social validity measures indicated that the intervention was rated as highly acceptable, feasible, and understandable. These findings suggest that tiered behavior support, particularly when enhanced with technology-based visual performance feedback, may offer a practical and sustainable method for improving evidence-based classroom management practices. Although this study focused on preservice special education teachers in a graduate program, the implications extend to a variety of coaching and consultation settings involving both preservice and in-service educators, as well as other service providers.

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe mental disorder associated with an array of symptoms characterized as positive, negative and cognitive dysfunctions. While SZ is a multifaceted disorder affecting several regions of the brain, altered thalamocortical systems have emerged as a leading contributor to SZ. Specifically, it has been shown that: (1) the thalamus is functionally disconnected from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in SZ; (2) neural activity and blood flow to the PFC are greatly diminished in SZ (hypofrontality); and (3) delta oscillations are abnormally present in the PFC during the waking state in SZ. We suggest that the abnormal delta oscillations drive the other PFC signs of SZ. Specifically, decreases in energy required to maintain delta, would initiate the reduced PFC perfusion of SZ (hypofrontality), and contribute to the 'mismatched' thalamic and PFC activity of SZ. As SZ involves glutamate (NMDAR) hypofunction and dopamine hyperfunction, both NMDAR antagonists and dopamine agonists produce marked increases in delta oscillations in nucleus reuniens (RE) of the thalamus and its target structures, including the PFC. This would suggest that RE is a primary source for the elicitation of PFC delta activity, and the presence of delta during waking (together with associated signs) would indicate that the prefrontal cortex is disabled (or non-functional) in schizophrenia.

The ADHD Rating Scale is widely used to assess ADHD in the United States, and psychometrically sound. However, when assessments are translated into other languages, it is necessary to re-examine psychometrics. This study aimed to analyze the factor structure, test measurement invariance, and provide normative data for an adaptation of the ADHD Rating Scale in Saudi Arabia using parent ratings of 3,127 youth and teacher ratings of 2,595 students. Outcomes corroborate the validity of the two-factor correlated model for both parent and teacher ratings, and the measurement invariance among age and gender groups. The adapted ADHD Rating Scale is suitable for assessing the ADHD symptomology of youth in Saudi Arabia using the normative standards developed in this study.

Purpose:Precision medicine is an emerging approach to medical diagnostics, prognostics, and intervention that takes an individual's genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-related profile into account to improve outcomes in medical conditions such as diabetes and cancer. Here, we explore how principles of precision medicine can be leveraged in the field of speech-language pathology.Method:We reviewed the literature and report the following: (a) brief introduction to precision medicine, (b) review of a prophylactic intervention for infants at a genetic risk for speech/language disorders, (c) potential approaches to leveraging endophenotypes for individualized interventions in dyslexia, and (d) identified barriers and opportunities for incorporating precision medicine more broadly into the field of communication sciences and disorders.Results:An established example of a prophylactic intervention based on known genotype–phenotype associations is Babble Boot Camp (BBC), a novel personalized and proactive intervention designed to foster precursor and early communication skills of infants at a predictable genetic risk. We describe a successful clinical trial of BBC for infants at a genetic risk due to classic galactosemia and pilot trials for infants with Down syndrome. An experimental example of personalization is addressing the information processing mode shared by some individuals with dyslexia, namely, diminished sensory gating.Conclusions:To implement principles of precision medicine in disorders of spoken and written communication more broadly, novel ways of identifying young children at risk are needed. As more genotype–phenotype discoveries and gene therapies come online, training in genetics can equip clinicians to recognize signs of a genetic disorder, make appropriate referrals, and personalize therapeutic approaches.

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsCancer cachexia is a metabolic and wasting disease that occurs in up to 80% of cancer patients. Currently, there are no clear diagnostic criteria, its effects are irreversible, and it cannot be treated. Most patients progress undetected to late stages of cancer cachexia, stop responding to traditional treatment, and die without an effective intervention. While the literature has begun to characterize late (refractory) cachexia muscle metabolic changes, less is known about early changes that may precede obvious muscle dysfunction and wasting. Therefore, this investigation aimed to characterize early phase heart and skeletal muscle metabolic changes in a preclinical model of colorectal cancer.MethodsThe Apc(min/+) mouse spontaneously forms tumors along the intestinal tract and is a well‐accepted preclinical colorectal cancer model. To identify early changes in muscle metabolism during colorectal cancer development, heart and gastrocnemius tissues from 15‐week‐old male Apc(min/+) and litter‐matched non‐carrier mice (wildtype) were analyzed by untargeted GC/MS metabolomics.ResultsIn the heart, metabolic pathways related to taurine/hypotaurine metabolism; biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids; alanine, glutamate, and aspartate; arginine and proline; and arginine biosynthesis were affected by colorectal cancer. In skeletal muscle, metabolic pathways involving arginine biosynthesis; alanine, glutamate, aspartate, and proline metabolism were affected by cancer cachexia. Taken together, these data demonstrate altered arginine metabolism and proline metabolism in hearts and skeletal muscle of cachectic mice. Interestingly, cardiac muscle showed a non‐preferential fuel switch towards less energetically favorable glycolysis (vs. fatty acid metabolism) that coincided with cardiac dysfunction, while skeletal muscle exhibited glucose dysregulation and possible insulin resistance.ConclusionThese data characterize early cardiac and skeletal muscle metabolic derangements that lead to muscle dysfunction and atrophy during colorectal cancer. Such data could help identify patients in early phases of cachexia or identification of cardiac and skeletal muscle specific therapeutic targets aimed at early intervention.

More than 5 million students in U.S. public schools are immigrants or the children of immigrants, highlighting the urgent need for educational practices that honor their lived experiences and promote both emotional and academic growth. This article details a collaborative effort between a school-based psychologist and two high school English teachers to co-design a 12th grade English Language Arts curriculum responsive to the unique strengths and challenges of immigrant youth. Grounded in transformative social and emotional learning, trauma informed principles and culturally sustaining pedagogy, the curriculum weaves together themes of hope, identity, social determinants of health, and agency. The co-development process involved aligning clinical and educational expertise, adapting trauma-informed principles for the classroom, and centering student experience throughout design and implementation. Students reported high satisfaction with the curriculum. Teachers observed stronger student engagement and deeper, more meaningful relationships, attributing these outcomes to the curriculum’s relevance to students’ cultural and community contexts. This case study illustrates the promise of cross-sector partnerships and provides recommendations for creating learning environments where immigrant students can reflect, heal, and thrive through both academic content and emotional connection.