This study aimed to provide preliminary information on the clinical usability of a set of Italian telephone-based cognitive screening (TBCS) tests in patients with neurodegenerative MCI and dementia. Eighty-one patients with MCI (N = 32) and dementia (N = 49) due to Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Lewy body disease and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were administered a battery of TBCS tests assessing global cognition (Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status), executive functioning (Telephone-based Frontal Assessment Battery), verbal fluency (Telephone-based Phonemic and Semantic Verbal Fluency), working memory (Telephone-based Backward Digit Span) and language (Telephone Language Screener). For each test, we assessed their (1) applicability, (2) construct validity against in-person first- and second-level cognitive measures, (3) ecological validity against the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire-Short Version (A-IADL-Q-SV), (4) capability to discriminate MCI and dementia patients from HCs and (5) to discriminate MCI from dementia. TBCS tests could be completed by the majority of patients (75-96%), with applicability rates being higher in MCI than in dementia. Moderate-to-strong correlations were detected between TBCS tests and both in-person cognitive measures and the A-IADL-Q-SV. All TBCS tests - except for the Backward Digit Span - optimally-to-excellently discriminated HCs from both MCI and dementia, by nevertheless being less accurate in discriminating between these two entities. Italian TBCS tests are valid and accurate measures for the detection of MCI and dementia due to neurodegenerative etiologies, thus prompting further research on the topic and their use in clinical practice and research.

This study aims to investigate the management of patients with breast papillomas without atypia diagnosed after ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB). This retrospective, single-centre study analysed 179 patients diagnosed with benign papillomas without atypia between 1999 and 2022. Of these, 32 patients underwent surgery, while the remaining were managed with active surveillance. Diagnostic underestimation was assessed in the surgical group. The association between post-biopsy residual lesions and subsequent surgical management (surgery vs no surgery) with the incidence of recurrence was evaluated. The study cohort had a median age of 49, with 76% of lesions completely removed via VABB. In the surgery group, 9% (95% CI: 2%-25%) had an underestimation, including upgrades to in situ or invasive carcinoma. Among the 126 patients with available follow-up data, 9 (7%) experienced recurrence events on the same side and in the same quadrant. In the multivariable Fine and Gray regression model, patients with post-biopsy residual lesions managed without surgery had a significantly higher recurrence risk than those without residual lesions (HR = 6.76, p = 0.015). Among patients with post-biopsy residual lesions who underwent surgery, the risk of recurrence was not significantly different from the reference group (HR = 1.80, p = 0.56). Additionally, age at biopsy was identified as an independent risk factor for recurrence (HR = 1.41, p = 0.001), whereas lesion diameter showed no significant association (HR = 1.14, p = 0.49). Surgical resection may be warranted in cases of papillomas with incomplete removal at VABB, where recurrence risk appears to be higher.