Arterial hemorrhage with high-pressure, spurting blood loss can rapidly cause shock or death. Developing ideal hemostatic materials that combine rapid hemostasis, mechanical stability, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility remains a challenge. This study reported a nanocomposite hemostatic sponge TCCND/CPL through cross-linking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), reinforced with nanodiamonds (NDs), and loaded with chloramphenicol (CPL) and thrombin to improve arterial hemorrhage management in irregular wounds. The incorporation of ND makes TCCND/CPL achieve a wet-state compressive stress of 44.9 kPa, which markedly exceeds typical clinical arterial systolic pressure, while maintaining elasticity, rapid absorption, and retention. Both in vitro and in vivo assessments confirmed TCCND/CPL's exceptional hemostatic capability, demonstrating superior performance to commercial agents in rat tail amputation, rat irregular trauma, femoral artery puncture, and noncompressible rabbit wound models. It achieved rapid hemostasis in just 126 s (22.7% faster than the military-grade ChitoGauze XR PRO), and the hemostatic effect was about 2.5 times that of the conventional gauze and 1.67 times that of ChitoGauze XR PRO in a rabbit femoral artery puncture model. Additionally, TCCND/CPL demonstrated significant antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility. The innovative design of TCCND/CPL provides an efficient solution for managing irregular wound hemorrhage in emergency scenarios such as battlefield injuries and traffic accidents.

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsHigh‐stakes testing has become increasingly prominent phenomenon in teacher training institutions across the Global South. Despite its psychological implications, limited studies have investigated the stress experiences associated with this phenomenon, thereby constraining the design of appropriate interventions. Guided by the Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Stress Model, this study examined the examination‐related stress patterns and associated factors among pre‐service teachers in an exam‐oriented high‐stakes setting in Ghana.MethodsAn online survey, using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS‐10), was administered to 984 pre‐service teachers at the University of Education, Winneba. The data were analysed using the LPA and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe results discovered three examination‐related stress profiles (i.e., highly stressed, moderately stressed and low‐stress groups), with the majority of the pre‐service teachers (50.9%) failing into the high‐stress cluster. Subsequent analysis revealed that religious affiliation, study level, age, course load (number of registered courses) and the study hours per week were significant predictors of examination‐related stress levels. In line with the extended interpretation of the Transactional Stress Model, the study demonstrates how stress appraisal and coping mechanisms are embedded within broader contextual realities, particularly in collectivist cultures where family and community expectations influence academic outcomes.ConclusionThe study concludes that there is a substantial mental health burden associated with examination practices in teacher education programmes under exam‐oriented high‐stakes testing environment. The findings call for differentiated, culturally responsive interventions to address the specific needs of pre‐service teachers with varied stress profiles.

ABSTRACT Blade coating is a process used to provide a consistent liquid coating on a moving sheet, with significant applications in coated plastic industries, plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fabrics, and paints. In this article, we studied the non‐isothermal analysis of the blade coating process with non‐linear slip effects at the blade surface. The material used to coating the substrate/web is characterized using the Yeleswarapu fluid model. The basic laws of fluid dynamics are implemented to modeled the 2D incompressible flow equations in the process of blade coating. The modeled equations are simplified with the help of normalized variables and the low Reynolds approximation theory. The simplified partial differential equations are solved numerically using a hybrid scheme, which is a combination of shooting and finite difference algorithms. The influence of the material parameters and slip coefficient on the engineering variables and flow characteristics are visualized with the help of various graphs and tables. The results reveal that the velocity of the coated substrate and coating thickness increase with increasing slip values compared to the Newtonian model. The temperature distribution rises with increasing Brinkman and Weissenberg numbers. The coating thickness decreases by 2.4% and the blade load increases by 49% relative to Newtonian values as the Weissenberg number increases.

Hole transport layer-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells (HTL-free C-PSCs) hold promise for low-cost, stable photovoltaics but suffer from poor interfacial charge extraction, inferior defect passivation, and unresolved environmental risk. Here, we reported a multifunctional interfacial engineering strategy using fluorinated lead-chelating (FLC) molecules containing sulfonate groups, fluoride atoms, and metal ions. Sulfonate groups coordinated with undercoordinated Pb2+ ions, fluoride atoms formed hydrogen bonds with organic cations, and K+ ions stabilized halide anions, synergistically passivating deep-level defects and enhancing thermal stability. FLC modification also reduced the perovskite work function (from -4.14 to -4.39 eV), improving energy level alignment and facilitating hole extraction at the perovskite/carbon interface. As a result, the optimized devices achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.7%, among the highest for fully solution-processed planar HTL-free C-PSCs. Unencapsulated devices retained over 93% of initial efficiency after 2000 h in ambient air or after 500 h at 60°C. Importantly, strong FLC-Pb2+ chelation significantly reduced lead leakage from severely damaged devices under acidic aqueous environment (334.7 to 53.7mgm-2h-1), achieving ∼84% sequestration efficiency. This work presents a unified strategy to enhance efficiency, stability, and environmental safety of simplified perovskite photovoltaics.