Aims: The present study aimed to obtain and analyze data on the applied methods of diagnosis and therapy of patients with pemphigus in medical organizations of dermatovenerological profile Materials and methods: To conduct the study, a questionnaire was developed to obtain information on the number of patients diagnosed with pemphigus in medical organizations of the dermatovenerological profile of the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2023, as well as on the methods of diagnosis and therapy used. Results: Out of 68 medical organizations with a dermatovenerological profile, 66 subjects of the Russian Federation received data on 1,480 patients with pemphigus. On their own or other basis, specialized medical organizations from 66 subjects performed cytological examination , in 46 - pathological and anatomical examination of skin biopsy material, in 29 – determination of the level of autoantibodies to desmoglein 1 and/or type 3 in the blood by enzyme immunoassay , in 16 immunofluorescence methods were used to examine skin biopsies, in 11 subjects – serological diagnostics using monkey esophageal tissue to determine the content of autoantibodies to desmoglein type 1 and type 3 in the blood by indirect immunofluorescence. Systemic corticosteroids are used for the treatment of patients with pemphigus in 66 subjects , however, in medical organizations of 21 subjects, therapy with parenteral corticosteroids was allowed only. Conclusions: There are problems related to the quality of specialized medical care for patients and the insufficient compliance of medical care provided to patients with pemphigus with clinical recommendations.

Mycosis fungoides is primary cutaneous epidermotropic T-cell lymphoma, which is characterized by proliferation of small and middle-sizedT-lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei. The pathogenesis of this disease is difficultand isn't studied deeply, but it is known thatangiogenesis plays an important role. Angiogenesis is defined as the production of new blood vessels from an existing vascular network, which involves extracellular matrix remodelling, endothelial cell migration and proliferation, capillary differentiation and anastomosis formation. Such markersas CD31, CD34, angiogenin, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, PlGF, ММР-2 и ММР-9 in patients with mycosis fungoides are studied most of all. Currently available data on the role of pathogenetic aspects of angiogenesis in patients with mycosis fungoides seem to be promising, however small and heterogeneous samples of patients and limited amount of studied pro- and antiangiogenic factors determines the need for the further research. Markers of angiogenesis can be considered as potential additional differential criteria, prognostic signs and therapeutic targets in patients with mycosis fungoides.

Severe forms of hidradenitis suppurativa are characterized by a chronic recurrent course, accompanied by active inflammation, the formation of nodes and abscesses, fistulas with abundant purulent discharge, cicatricial changes. A clinical case of a patient who had not been diagnosed with chronic hidradenitis suppurativa for a long time is described. The following diagnoses were erroneously made: "Inverse acne", "Chronic furunculosis", "Chronic pyoderma. Secondary immunodeficiency" and the patient received ineffective therapy with short courses of various antibacterial drugs, isotretinoin, systemic glucocorticosteroids, and surgical treatment. The absence of a correct diagnosis, incorrect tactics in management, and the ineffectiveness of the therapy carried out over several years led to the spread of the process, impaired ability to work, and disability of the patient. The diagnosis of chronic suppurative hidradenitis and the prescription of secukinumab resulted in a positive outcome. Treatment with secukinumab for 12 months provided a stable remission in the patient. A clinical case of secukinumab use in a patient with severe suppurative hidradenitis showed that treatment with this drug can be effective and well tolerated.

Abstract. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer among adults, but in children it is extremely rare and is usually associated with genetic syndromes (for example, Gorlin-Goltz syndrome or xeroderma pigmentosum) or with the consequences of radiation therapy performed in children. We present a clinical case of a 10-year-old child diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma. The child's parents consented to the publication of the data. A 10-year-old patient, accompanied by his mother, came to the outpatient department of the KNPC SVMP with complaints about a formation that was detected 4 months ago and was increasing in size. From the family history it is known that the boy’s mother was diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma at the age of 13, for which chemoradiotherapy was performed. At the age of 30, she was diagnosed with multiple basal cell carcinomas in the area of ​​radiation.

Background. Elastography is a modern variant of ultrasound imaging, which allows to study the mechanical properties of tissue. Given the urgency of the problem of treatment of posttraumatic scars, the study of their objective characteristics is of scientific and practical interest. Aims. To investigate the use of shear wave elastography as a tool for quantitative assessment and visualization of stiffness of posttraumatic scars in the process of complex treatment. Methods. A prospective open clinical study was conducted between December 2023 and May 2024. The state of posttraumatic scars was studied using ultrasound in shear wave elastography mode in the process of complex treatment with laser technology and carboxytherapy. Clinically unchanged contralateral skin areas served as a control. Clinical indices of scar lesions severity and dermatologic quality of life index were calculated in parallel with elastography indices. Results. 45 people diagnosed with post-traumatic scars were included in the study. In comparison with normal skin, significant differences in tissue stiffness were obtained according to shear wave elastography, which persisted throughout the study. An increasing decrease in the stiffness of scar tissues in the process of complex treatment was registered, and significant differences in comparison with the initial level were obtained already after 1 month (p 0,001). Elastography values correlate with the clinical index of POSAS scar assessment performed by the doctor (before treatment rs = 0.36; p = 0.016; after treatment rs = 0.35; p = 0.017), partially (only after treatment) with the Stony Brook scale (rs = –0.36; p = 0.015). No correlations were obtained with the Vancouver scale and POSAS in patient performance. Conclusion. Ultrasound in the mode of shear wave elastography is reasonable to use for objective assessment of scar condition in the course of treatment.

Background. Taking into account the possible unity of etiopathogenetic mechanisms causing dysplastic processes of the cervix and vulva, one of the factors leading to synchronous damage to the cervix and external genitalia may be microbial-viral associations from the group of STIs. Aims. Clinical and instrumental characteristics and evaluation of the microbial composition of clinical material obtained from the cervix and vulva in patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) and their treatment. Materials and methods. The study included 22 patients aged from 23 to 68 years with a diagnosis of VLS, who underwent microbiological, PCR studies, cutometry, corneometry, sebumetry, dermatoscopy, colposcopy. Results. Simultaneous damage to the vulva and cervix occurred in 16 (72.7%) patients: in the form of cervical erosions and ectopia in 7 (31.8%); grade I–II dysplasia — 4 (18.2%); leukoplakia — 3 (13.6%); cervical polyps — 2 (9.1%). In 6 (27.3%) cases, the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 was noted, among these patients, HPV 16/18 was also detected in a vulvar biopsy in 4 (18.2%) women. Also, other types of HPV were detected in biopsies of the vulva in 9 (40.9%) patients: HPV 35 was detected in 4 patients (18.2%); HPV 6/11 — in 3 (13.6%); HPV 53 — in 2 (9.1%). Conclusion. In patients with VLS, there is an increased frequency of dysplastic and dystrophic lesions of the cervix, such as erosions and ectopia of the cervix (31.8%), grade I–II dysplasia (18.2%), leukoplakia (13.6%), as well as an increased frequency of infections such as Ureaplasma Urealyticum (50.0%), HPV 16/18 (27.3%), HSV I type (36.4%), HSV II type (31.8%), as well as Gardnerella vaginalis (41.0%) and Candida spp. (45.5%), which can be a trigger for the development of dystrophic and dysplastic processes not only of the vulva, but also of the cervix.

Background. IL-17 blockers have expanded the possibilities of psoriasis therapy. Their high efficacy and safety profile have been demonstrated in phase I–III studies and in real-world clinical practice. No direct comparative studies of the efficacy of drugs of this class registered in the Russian Federation have been conducted. Aims. To compare the efficacy of psoriasis therapy using netakimab and secukinumab in real clinical practice. Methods. A non-randomized comparative study of the efficacy of netakimab and secukinumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis was conducted. The study included 46 patients receiving therapy with IL-17 blockers (secukinumab, netakimab). The observation duration was 25 weeks. The proportions of patients who achieved PASI 100/90/75/50 values by 3, 12, 16 and 25 weeks from the start of therapy and the relative changes in PASI and BSA values were compared. Results. 26 patients received secukinumab and 20 patients received netakimab therapy. The groups were comparable in clinical and demographic parameters. Due to therapy inefficiency, the study was terminated early in 1 patient in the secukinumab group and 2 patients in the netakimab group. Adverse events were not registered in either group. By week 25 of therapy, the proportion of patients with PASI 100/90/75/50 in the secukinumab group was 30,8/65,4/84,6/92,3% and 35/55/85/100% in the netakimab group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients with PASI 100/90/75/50 within 25 weeks from the start of therapy (p = 0.515; p = 0.782; p = 0.972; p = 0.016). By the end of each additional week from the start of therapy, the mean PASI value with secukinumab therapy decreased by 25.8% (95% CI: 21.3–30.2; p 0.001), with netakimab therapy by 22.0% (95% CI: 17.7–26.4; p 0.001). Conclusion. The proportion of patients achieving PASI 100/90/75/50 after 25 weeks of secukinumab and netakimab therapy was similar, with no statistically significant differences. The differences in the rate of PASI reduction between secukinumab and netakimab therapy were also no statistically significant.

Human papillomavirus is recognized as the main etiologic agent of cervical cancer. Among women with HIV, human papillomavirus infection leads to the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer 3–4 times more often compared with HIV-negative women, despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy. The host immune response is critical in determining the course of infection, and cytokines and chemokines play an important role in protection against HPV by influencing viral replication and modulating the immune response. An analysis of data on studies of the level of cytokines and chemokines in samples of biopsy material and scrapings of the cervix and cervical canal in women with co-infection with HIV and HPV of reproductive age 18 years and older is presented. Data on the cytokine profiles of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) are presented. Knowledge of immunological mechanisms and their influence on HPV infection in HIV-positive women can help in understanding the natural history of infection, improving diagnosis and developing effective methods of prevention and treatment to prevent progression of the disease.

Background. Gonorrhea is a possible cause of pelvic inflammatory complications, reproductive health disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The problem of gonococcal antimicrobial resistance remains actual. Aims. Analysis of incidence, circumstances of case detection, and methods of laboratory examination for gonococcal infection used in the Russian Federation. Methods. Analysis of state federal statistical surveillance data for 2011–2024. Results. In 2011–2019, the incidence of gonorrhea decreased fivefold, the incidence of total STI — by 2.5 times. In 2020, the incidence of gonorrhea decreased by 13%, STI — 25%. After gonorrhea incidence increase in 2021 and 2022, it was reduced by 4% in 2023, by 15% in 2024. During COVID-19 pandemic, there was a decrease of proportion of patients detected in hospitals (from 1.6% in 2019 to 0.8% in 2020–2024); at medical examinations (from 3.0% in 2019 to 1.7% in 2023); and actively by dermatovenereologists (from 16.2% in 2019 to 12.4% in 2023). In 2019–2024, the proportion of cases confirmed by molecular-biological laboratory examination increased from 27 to 57%. In 2024, molecular-biological, microbiological or both methods were not used to diagnose gonococcal infection in state medical organizations respectively of 13, 42 and 5 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Conclusion. The distinctive features of gonorrhea incidence dynamics during COVID-19 pandemic are lack of acceleration in decline rate in 2020, and incidence increase in 2021 and 2022, due to an increase in the number of cases among Russian citizens. Against the background of a resumption of gonorrhea incidence decrease in 2023 and 2024, there is no recovery of active case detection measures. The access to highly sensitive laboratory methods in medical organizations of state healthcare system of a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation is not ensured.

Acne is a chronic widespread skin disease that significantly reduces the quality of life of patients, in which timely, effective and safe treatment is necessary. Due to the steady increase in the number of patients with this dermatosis, the lesion of open skin areas with this disease, the progression of the disease, the development of its severe forms, most patients develop psycho-emotional disorders up to severe depression and social and professional maladaptation occurs. This requires a clear understanding of the pathogenesis of dermatosis and the appointment of pathogenetically based therapy to patients. The review presents a modern view of the pathogenesis and methods of treatment of the disease, justifies the use of basic skin care products using dermatocosmetics to increase the effectiveness of disease therapy and achieve a lasting clinical effect. The article proves the important role of restoring the skin microbiome in acne patients, tells about the positive effect of bacterial lysates and metabiotics on the skin. Based on the data of clinical studies, the expediency of adding bacterial lysates to dermatocosmetics has been proven to restore the skin barrier, reduce inflammation and better tolerability of external and systemic drugs for the treatment of acne. The possibilities of skin care for patients with acne with the help of a line of products called Cinovit are presented.