Multi-level governance (MLG) is often used in the development of multi-level public policies. The MLG has a lot to say about the ideal form of government to improve the quality of policy delivery. Multi-level has been considered as an inhibiting factor in policy implementation studies, however by MLG it is an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of public policies. Indonesia is a unitary state that has a multilevel government structure. Decentralization poses a challenge to governments in Indonesia to cooperate with each other to produce policies that are able to solve community problems. This study seeks to align MLG with Indonesian conditions so that it can become a policy analysis tool capable of producing recommendations to improve policy implementation in Indonesia. In order for MLG to become an analytical framework, three things need to be considered, namely the network of actors involved, coordination between actors, and the presence of non-government actors at each stage of the policy

The potential extent of the waters in Indonesia does not guarantee the welfare of the community. Precisely for people living in coastal areas, accessibility to the utilization of coastal resources is still low due to high poverty rates, lack of education, and a culture of market access that focuses on household management. Related to that, this article was written with the aim of identifying the level of welfare and empowerment of coastal communities in Meranti Islands Regency. Based on literature studies, the characteristics of coastal communities are unique but unproductive, resulting in marginalization and low economic levels of coastal communities. The results of this article show that coastal communities need systematic efforts to urge dimensional change through empowerment as an approach to achieve the goals of development of prosperous, fair and prosperous communities as well as strategies that can be used in empowerment. Coastal community empowerment is carried out by paying attention to indicators of coastal community welfare and factors of needs, income, challenges and potential resources (SW0T Analysis) owned by coastal communities in Meranti Islands Regency. Through the results of this literature, information will be obtained on characteristics, identification of welfare levels and strategies of coastal community empowerment approaches. The sources of information in this article are collected from various reference sources such as journals, books with related studies, websites such as Google search, google scholar and scimago as well as some articles derived from other desktop research. Then the secondary data is analyzed systematically review and identified by analyzing SWOT descriptively from references related to the study that the authors found.

Social volunteers are one of the human resources having an important role in the implementation of social welfare. According to Regulation number 16/2017 (Permensos No. 16/2017) of The Minister of Social Affairs of The Republic of Indonesia, Social volunteer is a person and a community group with or without background in social works, but carrying out activities in the field of social welfare of their own accord, not in the government social institutions, with or without emolument. There are not many research results examining Social volunteer in general terms under the supervisiom of the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemensos RI). Therefore, the problem of this article is how the dimensions of social volunteer interaction at Kemensos RI are like, The purpose of this article is to describe in general thedimensions of social volunteer interaction at Kemensos RI, using a literature review. The definition of a social volunteer is not quite right because, in reality, most of the social volunteers are individuals and work in social institutions. The involvement of social volunteers at Kemensos RI is not only determined by Kemensos RI but also by an interaction between the consideration of Kemensos RI and that of social volunteers. In the consideration of Kemensos RI, there are four dimensions, namely the decision to use volunteers, the number of volunteers, the contribution of volunteers to Kemensos RI, and the status of volunteers at Kemensos RI. Meanwhile, the consideration of volunteers is the change of volunteers from their organization, factors and diversity, the intensity and duration of their commitment as well as the quality of their works. This article recommends the consideration of Kemensos RI to use social volunteers not only to pursue a target quantity of social volunteers, but also to consider the quality and interaction of consideration between Kemensos RI and social volunteers so that there is a mutually beneficial relationship between Kemensos RI and social volunteers. Keywords: social volunteers, Ministry of Social Affairs Republic of Indonesia, social welfare, dimension

Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon. Poverty can be measured both in terms of economic, sociological, and psychological aspects. This review discusses one of the poverty reduction schemes implemented by the Ministry of Social Affairs through the E-Warong program from a sociological point of view. Particularly the study of the social networks that have been formed in poverty reduction efforts. E-Warong is a place of business and agency that is managed and owned by poor people who receive KUBE, PKH and Rastra programs which are non-cash implementation. This study took the focus on the case of E-Warong Cahaya Dini In Pekanbaru City. How E-Warong Early Light can minimize the poverty seen from the sociological aspect? From the results of E-Warong Cahaya Dini study able to mensharing resources and information, provide support and learning opportunities or build skills on members and others. The handling of poverty in this case is manifested in the accessibility of e-Warong members in capacity building of social capital, skills and income, although not yet significant.

The purpose of this study was to; 1). determine the role of the group in catfish cultivation in Wonosari Village and Podorejo Village, 2). analyzing the institutional constraints catfish cultivation in Wonosari Village and Podorejo Village, 3). designing ideal institutional model of catfish cultivation in Wonosari Village and Podorejo Village. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. Informants involved in the research include members of the the Mino Sari and Maju Makmur. This study use the interactive model as developed by Miles and Huberman. The conclusion of this study were: 1). The role of the research sites is to provide guidance, social cohesiveness, information science and technology and capital. 2). Constraints experienced by the group is the internal conflict, lack of trust, lack of capital capacity, and dependence on the leadership figure. 3). The ideal is to have a group of strong social capital, a clear division of tasks, members of the coaching ability, capital assistance, seed fulfillment, the fulfillment of alternative feed and assist the sales and processing of crops.

Social enterprise has been acknowledged in Indonesia due to the advantages in achieving inclusive and sustainable growth while helping the poor to improve their economic and social welfare. The main difference with traditional micro, small and medium enterprises is that collective enterprise has a hybrid characteristic in which they adopt business solutions to address social problems. Social and cultural environment is conducive for social entrepreneurship since the country has considerable attention to the issue of people welfare and now is in the movement towards the wider participation of civil society organisation and the private sector on social issues. Social enterprise that has been developing in this country is one of the forms of social enterprise. In its development, this social enterprise involves many poor households at the community level so that it can be viewed as a community-­‐based social enterprise. However, the policy environment is still not fully responsive to the growth and development of social enterprise. Social enterprise is still viewed as a traditional micro, small and medium enterprise. Therefore, it requires additional support for social enterprise by providing incentives for mixed financing, improving the sustainable environment for grants, venture capital and external assistance, and recognizing the longer incubation period for social enterprise. To that end, coordination between social sector that gave rise to the birth of that social enterprise with economic sector as further foster parent needs to be further improved. Key words: Social enterprise, collective enterprise group, community-­‐based social enterprise (perusahaan sosial, kelompok usaha bersama, perusahaan sosial berbasis-­‐ komunitas).

This paper aims to mendiskripsikan the poor (FM) handling in the perspective of social work. The perspective of the social work in the handling of the poor is described using the concepts of social work major. The concepts referred to are: self-help, human rights, social justice, needs, the source of fulfillment, person – in – the situation, social functioning and planned changed. Refer to the concepts, then the poor handling in the perspective of social work are as follows: the poor is seen as a subject who has dignity and self-respect are the same as other humans. FM understood in relation to its social environment, where he resides. FM is seen as a person who has the potential inherent in himself and in relation to the environment. Therefore, the handling capacity in addition to FM, also with self pen enhancement the capacity of the source systems and the fight for social justice in the community. Activities handling FM needs to be done programmatically and systematically involving various stakeholders, and conducted gradually from: Engagement, Assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation and Termination. Keywords: poor, perspective, social work.

In general, ordinary people still consider that the people, who used to suffer from mental disorder and who was declared to have been recovered, have a negative label. Such labeling can affect the people’s treatment on them as well as on their families. The impact of this problem will be more serious for them, such as: neglect, discrimination, oppression, social isolation and the omission on them to be homeless. This paper tried to analyze the issue of how the efforts of government and their family to plan the integration of the former mental disorder clients into their family and community. In addition, to analyze the issue of how the public accept the former mental disorder clients. The solution offered is the need of the efforts of accurate discharge and integration planning of the former mental disorder clients and the involvement of their family members, peers, neighbors and the community in maintaining their mental health status and the quality of their life. In addition, the government and the private sectors can play an important role to help the former mental disorder clients reintegrate into their families and communities. Keywords: the former mental disorder clients, discharge and integration planning.

Researcher is a functional position in the Ministry of Social Affairs. The existence of researchers has been recognized since 1985 and it was marked by the appointment of eight people to be functional researchers. Over the last thirty years, the number of researchers has been growing as the result of the increasing number of the government’s tasks. This study is to discuss the researchers who work in the governmental institution and whose duties and functions have been determined through the intitution’s policy based on the rules set out in 2015. The work unit formation of Research and Development Centre for Social Welfare (Puslitbangkesos) has ever been changed several times. Therefore, it contributes to the implementation of its activities. Its goal is to give the charge to face the mental revolution that has been declared nationally. The situation will be different from the previous one because next, each researcher will begin to improve his quality by looking at very rapid development of science and technology. Each researcher must pay attention to a professional work ethic, rules and norms as well as researcher’s ethics. It is time for the researchers to improve their quality in increasing their knowledge and their ability to uphold the values of honesty, responsibility and dignity. Keyword: challenges, profession, work ethic.

Development of social welfare implemented to help every one who have experienced social dysfunction, including children who have abandoned to the poor households. In the year 2009, children stranded in Indonesia is still quite large numbers, its estimated 17.6 million people or 22.90 percent of the population of children. The condition has been associated with menerable because of declining quality of the young generation and the threat to the sustainability of devel- opment in the future. Therefore, the necessary handling really in the form of social protection programs for children are poor and needy. Design Vocational social protection for children re- ferred to the poor integrated with poverty reduction programs.Keyword : children of poverty, social protection, social investment,sustainable development.