The incidence and evolution of the Almajiri educational system had a subsisting dominant phenomenon which has socio-economic implications for northern Nigeria where it flourished. It is a system associated with Islam and the Qur’anic system of education inherent in the culture of Muslims and Islamic families in northern Nigeria. This work examines the evolution and development of this educational system in northern Nigeria where its prevalence and pervading educational system through historical research methods, using primary and secondary data. The paper established that the Almajiri system has kept a reasonable percentage of northern youths away from formal educational systems either western or oriental. The analysis further shows that the economic development of northern Nigeria has been undermined as the prevalence of this education system could not equip the youths with the required skills to drive the economic development of a twenty-first-century society. The paper argues that there is an urgent need to restructure the Almajiri system and incorporate it into the Nigerian educational system for the much-needed economic transformation and avoid the current prevalent fundamentalism, child abuse and poverty where this system thrives. The paper concludes that the slow socio-economic growth of northern Nigeria is associated with the thriving Almajiri educational system and strongly recommends the restructuring of the education system to use it as a weapon for enhancing civilization, economic development and growth.

Over the years, vocational education has been a vital part of man and has been demonstrated to be a means for sustainable economic growth and development. It has been used in many societies of the world to provide skills for work. This study employed the qualitative research method using an interview guide and participant observation to identify how vocational training impacts the necessary practical proficiencies for the growth of a nation’s formal and informal sectors. This paper attempts to examine the prospects of vocational training by highlighting the likely skills and employment opportunities in the sector. It also discussed the challenges facing vocational education in Nigeria. The study identifies skills acquisition as a means for sustainable development. It recommended among others that vocational training should focus more on the aspects of skill acquisition and feasible business opportunities for economic empowerment.

Economic development implies an improvement in economic welfare through higher real incomes and other welfare indices such as improved literacy, better infrastructure, reduced poverty, and better health care. Economic development requires a degree of political stability, investment, and a mixture of public and private initiatives to increase economic potential. This study aims at highlighting factors affecting economic development. The study leverage the World Bank (2017) report on inward investment, which shows that the biggest block to development is prolonged civil unrest/military conflict as this causes investment to dry up and resources to be wasted on unproductive means. It underscores the importance of addressing such concerns to advance the African economy.

Developing effective and reliable science and development policy remains a major challenge in Africa and third world states hence, this paper examined the problems and challenges of science and technology development in Nigeria. The study relied on the elite theory and derived its data mainly from secondary sources which included official government documents, textbooks, published journals articles, the international news media, newspaper publications, materials from the internet etc. The descriptive research method was also adopted while the data collected were analysed using the qualitative method. Findings in the study revealed that inconsistency in the development of a science and technology development framework is responsible for the lack of indigenous technology in Nigeria and indeed Africa. In order to overcome the challenges observed in this study, there is need to develop and implement indigenous home grown sustainable science and technology development programmes and frameworks.

Education has been regarded as the greatest force that can be used to bring about developmental changes. It is the highest investment any nation can make for the development of its economic, physical; social and human resources. Education provides the needed manpower, knowledge and skills to win a nation’s state for sustainable all round growth and accelerated development as well as holds the master key that unlocks a country’s potentials towards national transformation and development. For a state or nation to achieve sustainable development, the quality of its education should be improved. Quality education connotes the education that is pedagogically and developmentally sound and educates the students in becoming active and productive members of society. This paper explains the importance of qualitative education to the growth and development of Nigeria. It looked at the concepts of qualitative education, national development and the nexus between education and national development. The paper provides an insight into the various challenges bedeviling qualitative education in Nigeria, such as; gender equity in education, shortage of teachers, inadequate infrastructure, overcrowding, funding, and so on. The paper made recommendations for enhancing qualitative education in Nigeria for enhanced growth and development.

This paper examined the performance of thirteen (13) large-size money market funds in Nigeria based on the net asset values (NAV) as at 31 December 2021. Mutual fund data were obtained from the website of Securities and Exchange Commission, 91-day treasury bills true yield and stop rates which served as proxy for benchmark index and risk-free rates respectively from Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin while returns yielded by the funds were obtained from the audited accounts and factsheets of the mutual funds. The performance evaluation was carried out using Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio and Jensen’s Alpha for the period January 2018 to December 2021. The result is opposed to previous works that on the average, mutual funds did not generate returns to outperform the market index. All the 13 money market funds recorded positive ratios across all the three measurement ratios. It was observed that mutual funds industry in Nigeria is presently underutilized and underdeveloped. Also, the Nigerian mutual funds sector is heavily concentrated on fixed income investment rather than being widely spread across various investments outlets. The paper points to the need for collaboration between regulators and operators in facilitating awareness and distribution channels while the fund managers are called to select their stocks based on research and analysis as well as to always use risk-adjusted measures in reporting their performance.

This study was conducted to examine the Effect of Oral Approach and Situational Language Teaching on communicative Competence of Secondary School Students in Gusau Metropolis Zamfara State. Pretest-post-test quasi-experimental research design was used. The population of the study was 19,094 and four intact classes comprised 230 SS I students were drawn from the population. The instrument of the study was an adapted oral test version of English Language Speaking Test (ELST) and it was tagged Student Communicative Competence in English Test (SCCIET). It was validated by the experts in Language Education at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. The modified SCCIET was pilot tested for two weeks. After test-retest, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) was computed and coefficient of r = 0.82 was established. Three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 levels of significance. T-test was used in testing all the three null hypotheses. After testing, all the three null hypotheses were rejected. The findings showed that Experimental group performed better than control group in English communicative competence. The study recommended the use of Oral Approach and Situational Language Teaching to teach students because it develops proficiency in English language speaking skills and reduce the level of speaking anxiety.

Disputes between labour and capital or workers and their employers is endemic, a phenomenon attributable to their divergent interests in the labour process. This paper investigated the processes involved in the resolution of labour disputes and how labour has generally fared since the institutionalization of trade dispute resolution mechanisms. It was the general aim of this paper to explore the theoretical and historical roots of the incessant and perennial disputes between labour and capital or workers and employers, as well as the feasibility of the various mechanisms that have been put in place for the peaceful settlement of industrial disputes for the purpose of attainment of industrial peace and harmony and enhanced productivity. It found that, for the simple fact that trade interventionist institutions are the creation of the state, which is also a party and therefore implicated in the labour/capital contradiction, it is incapable of standing on a neutral ground to resolve such disputes and ensure lasting industrial peace, particularly in dependent capitalist societies. Marx’s theory of the Fetishism of Commodities served as the theoretical framework for the paper. As a qualitative and historical study data were drawn from secondary sources such as newspapers, journal publications, books, reports and internet sources and subjected to logical content analysis. Conclusively, it drew attention to the fundamental irreconcilability of the parties and irresolubility of trade disputes within the context of a capitalist mode of production owing to the instinct for profit maximization of the capitalist enterprise which inevitably imposes a negative effect on workers’ welfare and interests. Accordingly the paper recommended a more socialized pattern of economic organization that would be more labour-friendly.

Critical in the pharmaceutical business firms is the performance driven by the market share which has remained a constant demand and a determining factor in the global economy owing to public health contribution to the economic social life development in any nation. However, pharmaceutical companies were inundated with problem of achieving targeted market share due to poor customer orientation, competitors’ orientation, market intelligence, and inter-functional co-ordination characterized with pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. This study evaluated the effect of market orientation dimensions on market share of quoted pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. Population of the study was 388 staff of the selected pharmaceuticals firms in Nigeria. Total enumeration technique was adopted for the sample size. There were 388 study subjects-24 executive managers, 67 directors, 297 marketing and product managers. Primary method of data collection was employed via validated and reliable research instrument. Collected data were further analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics adopting multiple linear regression. Findings revealed that market orientation dimensions have significant effect on market share (Adj.R2= 0.734, F-statistics = 202.060, p = 0.000. The study concluded that market orientation dimensions affect overall market share of selected pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. The study recommended that pharmaceutical companies should key on to the enormous benefits of adopting market orientation practices as it is suggested that full employment of strategic market orientation in organizational management processes creates improved overall firm performance.

The goal of every organisation is performance achievement through efficient role that is devoid of Career challenges (CB). However, the presence of some career challenges in some organisations has always hindered employees’ role efficiency resulting to little or no performance. This study examined the relationship between career challenges sub variables and role efficiency of health sector employee performance in selected private and teaching hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopted a cross sectional research design on the population of 2,886 employees of the selected hospitals. A purposive and stratified sampling technique method was adopted for the selection of 349 sample size. With primary source of data collection via a reliable and validated questionnaire, 78% response rate was achieved. Multiple linear regressions was employed for data analysis. Findings revealed that removal of career challenges positively correlated to medical sector employee performance in the following dimensions: Role efficiency in the dimension of: β= 10.043 Adj R2 = 0.153. f(5343)= 13,599, P< 0.05. The study concluded that removal of career challenges and promotion of employees’ role efficiency through adequate monitoring of employees activities have very strong correlation with the performance of employees in the selected teaching and private hospitals. The study recommends that stake holders of these hospitals should initiate policies that would remove career challenges, promote employees’ role efficiency and adequately remunerate employees of these hospitals to enhance their performance.