The incidence of CRC has increased worldwide over the past decade. The statistics report from WHO highlights the increased severity and fatality rate of CRC among the populations. Wnt/β-catenin is recognized as the resource for cell regeneration and cancer signaling pathways driven by frizzled receptor cofactors. Aberrant regulation of Wnt/β- catenin suppression is an important challenge in treating CRC management. The SFRP1 comprises a cysteine-rich region that is homologous to the putative Wnt-binding sites of Frizzled proteins, with the potential to impede and alter the cascade of Wnt signaling. Indirect regulation, like targeting Wnt antagonist SFRP1, is an alternative strategy to suppress the cancer signals by enhancing the apoptotic activity. Hence, this study aimed to approach the SFRP1 protein as a therapeutic target to inhibit Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer. Further, it aimed to identify the lead compounds against the SFRP1 protein, which inhibit the oncogenic expression of CRC, which might be possible using computational approaches, recognizing the importance of the SFRP1 protein role in CRC. The homology-modeled SFRP1 structure was refined, and virtual screening was performed against the anti-cancer drugs and natural drug databases to find the best hit molecules. The molecular docking, MD, and MMGBSA analysis confirmed the firm binding of SFRP1 complexes to identify the potent CRC inhibitors. The amino acid residues Arg5, Arg11, Ala13, Lys 245, Lys274, Phe147, Pro99, and Ser277 are essential for ligand binding and show similar interactions for SFRP1 complexes. The ADME/T profile for top hits is acceptable in range and obtains the drug-likeness property. The 100ns run for MD simulation confirms the stability of protein complexes. Overall, the findings of this study reveal that the lead compounds screened are capable of inhibiting SFRP1 against CRC. Targeting SFRP1 paves the way for new platforms in the field of cancer and the therapeutic sector for new approachable finds.

This study aimed to investigate the association of demographic variables and serum calcium with hypercalciuria among the Meitei adult population of Manipur, Northeast India. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 413 participants (272 females and 141 males) aged 19 to 60 years. Participants were selected through a multistage sampling method from 5 valley districts of Manipur. Demographic and biochemical parameters were collected, including serum calcium, creatinine, and spot urine calcium and creatinine levels. One-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, chi-square test, multinomial logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed. The area under the ROC curve was calculated to determine the cut-off value of random urine calcium. The overall prevalence of hypercalciuria was 18.64%. The incidence of hypercalciuria increased with age; 41 to 60 age group were 3 times more likely to develop hypercalciuria than those in the 19 to 40 age group (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.86-5.47; p<0.001). A significant association (p<0.05) was also found between serum calcium and urine calcium levels. Hypocalcemic individuals were 3.5 times more likely to have hypercalciuria than normocalcemic individuals (95% CI, 1.33-9.31; p=0.01). ROC analysis revealed a predictive cut-off value of 23.07 mg/dL for random urine calcium. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of hypercalciuria exceeding the global average. Given that Manipur has also been reported to have a high prevalence of kidney stones, this finding indicates a considerable health risk. Early intervention could therefore improve public health outcomes related to calcium and mineral metabolism.

Abstract This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between money supply growth and inflation in India from April 1992 to June 2025, examining both short and long-run relationships, forecasting ability, and structural changes in monetary policy regimes. Using a comprehensive empirical framework that combines Vector Autoregression (VAR), Time-Varying Parameter VAR (TVP-VAR), Vector Error Correction Models (VECM), Granger causality tests and out-of-sample forecasting evaluations using Root Mean Squared Forecast Errors (RMSFE) and Diebold-Mariano tests, the study finds that short-run predictive power of money supply growth is weak and largely unstable for the full sample as well as across regimes. However, a robust long-run cointegrating relationship exists for the full sample, with inflation adjusting to deviations from equilibrium although money supply growth remains largely non-responsive. The regime-specific analysis indicates that the impact of monetary shocks on inflation differs across the Reserve Bank of India’s policy frameworks. This impact is significant during the multiple-indicator approach and is insignificant under the subsequent interest-rate corridor and inflation-targeting regimes. Out-of-sample forecasting results indicate that time-varying VAR models outperform static VAR models when structural shifts occur, highlighting the importance of capturing parameter instability. The findings suggest that money aggregates retain long-run diagnostic value but are unreliable as short-run operational tools for India. Policy implications point to a flexible inflation-targeting approach complemented by medium-term monitoring of money supply deviations.

This research explores fixed points for particularly integral type multivalued mappings, in mbv−metric spaces. Additionally, we study fixed circle problems offering geometric insights into sets of fixed points. This research paper contributes to the evolving field of multivalued mapping results in mbv− spaces, drawing inspiration from the framework of Hausdorff. Further, motivated by the wide applications of differential inclusions as set-valued maps, we explore first-order nonlinear differential inclusions in mbv−metric spaces using established conclusions.

Puntius sophore is a small indigenous fish species widely distributed across South and Southeast Asian countries. These fishes are known to play an important role in small-scale fisheries system, rural livelihoods, and in traditional food systems. Its ecological adaptability, high reproductive capacity, and year round availability makes this fish species as an important resources for small and marginalized fisher’s communities. P. sophore is also a good source of high quality proteins and micronutrients including calcium, iron, and vitamin A, thereby addressing nutrient deficiencies and enhancing food security of the rural communities. It also supports rural and regional economies through market sales locally and gender inclusive market value chains, with women playing a key role in post-harvest practices and marketing. Traditional knowledge on fishing practices and culinary diversity highlights its cultural importance. However, increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat degradation, global climate change, environmental pollution and overfishing are creating threats to its population. This fish is listed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), however, localized declines in P. sophore populations highlight the strategies and needs for sustainable management. This mini review briefly highlights P. sophore current knowledge on its biology, ecological role, and traditional importance while emphasizing conservation and community based approaches to ensure its continued availability as an important resource for food and livelihood security of the rural communities.

Silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori), a by-product of the sericulture industry, are generated in large quantities annually, posing disposal and environmental issues despite their high nutritional value. This study investigate the effect of incorporating silkworm pupae meal into the diet of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) with respect to growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition. A 90-day feeding trial was conducted using diets containing 0% (control), 25%, and 50% silkworm pupae meal. This study showed a progressive increase in protein (16.8% to 19.7%) and lipid content (4.5% to 6.1%) of fish flesh with higher pupae inclusion, while moisture and carbohydrate content decreased. Ash content also increased slightly, indicating enhanced mineral deposition. These findings demonstrate that silkworm pupae improve nutrient deposition, muscle quality, and feed efficiency in tilapia. Beyond nutritional benefits, utilizing locally available silkworm pupae can reduce fish feed costs, support circular economy, and promote sustainable aquaculture. Overall, silkworm pupae meal represents a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative to conventional fishmeal in aquaculture.

Abstract Barium strontium titanate (Ba1 − xSrxTiO3, BST) is well known mixed oxide exhibiting perovskite structure with tunable dielectric and ferroelectric properties, which vary based on the composition and temperature. In this study, Barium strontium titanate (Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3), co-doped with donor dopant (K+) and acceptor dopant (Mg2+) has been prepared by sol-gel technique using a programmable spin coater on transparent ITO coated glass substrates. Influence of K (@5%)/Mg (@2%, 5%, 8%, 10%) co-doping has thereafter been investigated on the structural and dielectric properties of the films. Crystallite size of the samples has been noted to decrease from 33 nm to 24 nm with increasing Mg2+ doping concentration, which is attributed to the substitution of Ti4+ ions by smaller Mg2+ ions. Also the tunability of the material is noted to reduce from 69–61% at a frequency of 1 kHz and 10V bias voltage and the same is ascribed to the reduced grain size of the material. However, the dielectric loss is observed to decrease with augmentation in Mg2+ concentration which in turn leads to enhancement in the figure of merit (FOM) of the material from 101 to 290. From the results obtained in the current investigation K/Mg co-doping in BST can be perceived to be a promising way to optimize the dielectric properties of BST thin films for their potential application in microwave tunable device application.

Anxiety is an inherent aspect of sports competition. Anxiety can be regarded as a complex psychological process that results in different psychological changes in a sports person. Any circumstance that results from hard work and effort is accompanied by anxiety. Sportspeople put up their best effort to preserve their current position or advance a little farther in their different sports careers, which causes them to become stressed and anxious and negatively impacts both their performance and health. To find out the significant difference between the 3 combative sports in comparison with each other regarding the variable “Sports Competition Anxiety”. The sampling used in this study is purposive. For this study, ninety-six (N=96), subjects were both male and female university-level players between the age group 18-25 years, who participated in this study. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare each group with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used. Where ‘F’ values were found significant post-hoc test (Scheffe’s Test) was applied. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The result of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) shows a significant difference among the combative sports players, Wrestling, Kickboxing, and Judo respectively, with regard to the variable “Sports Competitive Anxiety”. The p value found less than the 0.05 significance value p&lt;0.05).

Here, Ln3+-Li+ co-doped Y2O3@ZnO core-shell heterostructures were synthesized by three different techniques - intermediate layer conversion method, a hydrothermal method, and an interlayer mediated hydrothermal method. The synthesis procedure is optimized based on the thickness and compactness of the developed shell. The growth kinetics and synthesis mechanism of each adopted method have been explained in detail using XRD, FESEM, TEM, SAED, and EDX characterization techniques. The interlayer-mediated hydrothermal method proved to be the best technique for developing a thin, compact layer of ZnO shell on the upconversion microsphere, but only up to a critical thickness. Optimization of the shell thickness was done to understand the role of the magnitude and sign of lattice strain in the core-shell design. Conformal ZnO shell growth on the upconversion core was possible only for a small volume of the precursor solution, as anisotropic structures started to appear in the solution for larger volumes.