UBTF-TD has been reported in a significant percentage of childhood MDS-EB and has been associated with inferior survival compared to that of patients with the wild-type gene. We treated three consecutive pediatric patients affected by UBTF-TD MDS-EB with venetoclax and azacitidine (ven/aza) in combination as 28-day cycles on a compassionate use basis three consecutive pediatric patients affected by UBTF-TD MDS-EB as a bridge to allogeneic HSCT. Treatment with ven/aza was well-tolerated, and all patients responded to the ven/aza course, achieving CR with flow-cytometry negativity. All three patients were bridged to myeloablative HSCT. All patients are disease-free and graft-versus-host disease-free at last follow-up. Comprehensive biological characterization of the disease showed (i) high expression of the BCL2 gene, paralleled by a low expression of BCL2A1 and MCL1; (ii) overexpression of both HOXA and HOXB; and (iii) a distinct methylation signature of patients with UBTF-TD myeloid neoplasms.

Naturally occurring coumarin compounds with the typical benzopyrone framework are found in remarkable concentrations in plants. Moreover, they have also been found in animals, microbes, and other sources. The versatility of the coumarin scaffold extends beyond medicinal chemistry, with applications in agrochemistry, cosmetics, and fragrances. However, this review focuses on the diverse biological activities of metalcomplexed coumarin derivatives, including their roles as antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, and antipancreatic cholesterol esterase agents. Notably, the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of these complexes have received significant attention in current research, demonstrating the most promising and impactful results. Coumarin-containing metal complexes have been widely studied in recent years as a growing area of medicinal chemistry in pharmaceutical science. Hence, there is a wide range of potential research topics due to the modifying ability of various ligands, such as N-heterocyclic coumarins, being developed into a metal complex. This has been an innovative strategy in recent years. Therefore, this review article aims to have a concise account and a detailed highlight of the individually associated schematic strategies used in synthesis (carried out through conventional, synthetic, microwave-assisted, and green approaches), along with the characterization of the compounds pertaining with the significant biological activities, which are assessed by suitable evaluating methods.

From this chapter, readers obtain an in-depth understanding of the trends of the mobile communication technologies from 1G to 4G, and the importance of 5G and the further development of 6G. It reviews the socio-psychological consequences of these technologies on behaviour, thinking and organisations. Along with describing 5G technology, it is necessary to consider its foundational characteristics focusing on eMBB, ULLC, and mMTC. The chapter also focuses on the trends in 5G technology and its features like millimeter waves, massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), and network slicing and their effect on multitasking, making information and social interactions. Hypothesized future of 6G systems and possibilities of developing terahertz communications, integration of AI, and holo-multimedia communication. The latter brings the discussion of the matter to contexts like smart cities and IoT as well as addresses the aspects of cognitive load and ethical intensions.

Blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations vary considerably by season and sex. The present study aimed to determine associations between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in Japanese adults and identify risk thresholds according to 25(OH)D concentrations. This was a cohort study with an 11-year follow-up. Participants were 8285 community-dwelling Japanese adults aged 40-74 years. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay at baseline and divided into quintiles for each of the subgroups stratified by season and sex (denoted as season- and sex-stratified quintiles). The main outcome was all-cause mortality. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Mean age and 25(OH)D concentration were 59·9 years (sd = 9·1) and 50·1 nmol/l (sd = 18·1), respectively. Lower season- and sex-stratified quintiles were associated with higher hazards of all-cause mortality (Pfor trend = 0·0015), with the first quintile (median = 28·2 nmol/l) having a higher HR (HR = 1·46, 95 % CI, 1·13, 1·88) than the highest quintile (reference). When crude quintiles were used, the overall association was similar (Pfor trend = 0·0027), with the first (median = 28·0 nmol/l) and second (median = 39·7 nmol/l) quintiles having higher HR (HR = 1·40, 95 % CI, 1·06, 1·85 and 1·38, 95 % CI, 1·07, 1·77, respectively) than the reference. The risk threshold difference was estimated to be approximately 10 nmol/l. In conclusion, low blood 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with high mortality risk. Crude blood 25(OH)D concentration may modulate the estimated risk threshold for vitamin D deficiency associated with mortality.

Global databases have contributed to our understanding of alien, naturalised and invasive plant species distributions. Still, the role of species invasions in habitats, specifically in aquatic habitats, remains underexplored at the global scale. Accordingly, a comprehensive global synthesis of the status of plant invasions in aquatic habitats has been missing. Here, we focus on macroecological patterns of naturalised non-invasive and invasive plants in aquatic habitats using the recently built SynHab database. Amongst all the plant records compiled in SynHab, 592 are assigned to aquatic habitats, of which 183 are unique plant taxa (further termed ‘species’) belonging to 49 families. Of the total number of records, 462 refer to taxa with naturalised non-invasive occurrences and 130 to invasive occurrences. The species pool analysed here refers to 78 regions distributed across all botanical continents as defined by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions. The number of naturalised non-invasive aquatic species is similar across different continents and biomes, but Tropical Asia had more and the Mediterranean zonobiome had fewer invasive species than expected. Tropical Asia, Temperate Asia and Africa have the highest proportions of naturalised species that have become invasive, while across continents, invasive proportions were highest for tropical and subtropical zonobiomes. New Zealand, Italy and California contained disproportionately more naturalised species than expected, given the area covered by aquatic habitat in those regions, whereas South Sudan, Papua New Guinea and Kyrgyzstan had disproportionately fewer species. In pairwise dissimilarity comparisons, all continents had distinct species compositions (from 0.73 to 0.92 of the Jaccard dissimilarity index) and so did zonobiomes (0.69 to 1.00). The high proportion of invasive species in Tropical Asia in comparison with terrestrial invasions in this region, indicates a greater susceptibility of warmer regions to aquatic plant invasions. This may be exacerbated by further naturalisations in the future, as data from temperate regions suggest a larger pool of available species.