Introduction and aim. Assessment of risk of complications in umbilical hernia is important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of size of the umbilical ring on the risk of complication occurring in umbilical hernia. Material and methods. This was a prospective study of children who had umbilical hernia repair for symptomatic umbilical hernia. Using Vernier caliper, the umbilical ring diameter (URD) was measured at surgery and the patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A had URD of less than of 15 millimeter (mm) and group B patients had URD of 15 mm and above. The 2 groups were compared. Results. Thirty two cases were evaluated. Their mean age was 42 months. All the patients had umbilical pain. Twenty six (81.3%) patients had URD of less than 15 mm (group A) whereas 6 (18.7%) patients had URD of greater or equal to 15 mm (group B). Group A patients had a mean URD of 12.1±3.4 mm whereas group B patients had a mean URD of 30.5±5.0 mm (p=0.001). Conclusion. Children who have URD of less than 15 mm are at a higher risk of developing umbilical hernia complications.

INTRODUCTION. Since 1808, umbilical hernias were registered based on existing data, in such a way that 4716 scientific articles were registered in the last two centuries. About 6 to 14% of all abdominal wall hernias in adults are umbilical hernias with a prevalence of 2%. CLINICAL CASE. A 47-year-old male came to the emergency room presenting with a giant umbilical hernia, liver cirrhosis and increased abdominal girth, fluid retention (ascites) to perform paracentesis of approximately 5 Liters, presenting confusion, asterixis, dyslalia, aphasia, upon admission. no coordination of walking. On physical examination, she was found to be hemodynamically unstable with the presence of ascitic fluid leakage through an ulcer caused by tension in the umbilical region; feverish peaks, for which reason a liquid sample was taken by puncture in the left iliac fossa, yellow in color and cloudy in appearance with glucose 106 mg/dL, LDH 239 mg/ml, presence of Hb (+++), and leukocytosis. He was evaluated for general surgery. Where a non-reducible incarcerated umbilical hernia was observed, it was decided to treat the complicated hernia, partial omentectomy plus ventral plasty with the Rives-Stoppa technique plus omphaloplasty with Drenovac-type closed drainage was performed without complications. DISCUSSION. Cirrhotic patients who do not respond to medical treatments for ascites will require treatment such as serial therapeutic paracentesis. Large volume paracentesis (LVP), defined as the removal of more than 5 L of ascitic fluid, is an effective therapy for patients with tense ascites.

Introduction: Umbilical hernia is common in infants and children. The true incidence is unknown because many umbilical hernias resolve spontaneously. Historically, incarceration is considered rare (1-2); however, it seems to occur more frequently than it is generally believed. Most of the literature related to incarceration comes from African countries, where the black community predominates. It should be noted that umbilical hernias tend to occur more commonly in the African population; nearly 10 times more, than in whites. It seems that this trend is increasing in France and England as well, where most of the population is white. The same change appears to be happening in Iran. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of umbilical hernias at our institution was performed. Patients presented to our institution over a period of eight months, from March 21st to October 20th 2006. Results: Of the fifteen cases of umbilical hernias during the 8 month 4 had incarceration (26%). There were 3 girls (75%) and 1 boy (25%). In all the 4 cases of incarceration hernias had a diameter of more than 1.5 cm. Two patients underwent manual reduction and the hernia was repaired the following morning and two patients underwent operation the same day the symptoms began, since the hernia was irreducible. Intestinal resection was not indicated in any of our patients; however omental resection was done in one of them. All patients had an uneventful postoperative course and there was no mortality. Conclusion: Incarcerated umbilical hernia is not as uncommon as it was thought to be. Therefore, a more active therapeutic approach is recommended even in smaller hernias.

Umbilical hernias large enough to contain a gravid uterus are rare. We report a case of a woman with prolapse of a gravid uterus through a previously repaired umbilical hernia. Our plans for elective surgery with caesarean section and hernia repair were foiled by poor compliance. The hernia was repaired during an emergency caesarean section. We provide details of her management and briefly review the literature on umbilical hernias and pregnancy. Surgical management offers an opportunity for hernia repair and can ensure a safe delivery for the mother and child.

Umbilical hernia in children is a relatively common condition with a higher prevalence in premature, low-birth weight and black children. By contrast, complicated umbilical hernia rarely occurs. Early recognition of this condition is essential in order to prevent potential ischemic consequences. Most authors recommend a conservative stance of watchful waiting for the uncomplicated pediatric umbilical hernias up to the age of 4 years, with an emergent surgical correction in complicated cases. We report an uncommon case of a 9-year-old male who presented with sharp abdominal pain, irreducible umbilical mass, and vomiting following strenuous physical activity. Additionally, we provide insight on the current knowledge of pediatric umbilical hernia with a particular focus on its complications.

Background: To study clinical presentation of umbilical and paraumbilical hernia in adults. Materials & methods: A total of 150 subjects were enrolled. The age group included was 26- 50 years. 100 subjects were female and 50 were male. Complete medical history was taken. Patients with umbilical and paraumbilical hernia were taken under consideration. Data was collected and analysed. Results were assessed using SPSS software.Results: A total of 150 patients were enrolled. Clinically, the sites of hernia studied were the umbilical and paraumbilical hernia. The most common is the paraumbilical with frequency of 98 (65.4%) and umbilical hernia with 52 (34.7%). The size of hernia was small with 112 and moderate or huge with 38 cases.Conclusion: From the above results, the authors conclude that small Paraumbilical hernia are more common in comparison to umbilical hernia.

Umbilical hernia is an abnormal protrusion of a whole viscus or part through the umbilical ring. Paraumbilical hernia is commonly found in adults protrude above or below the umbilicus. The occurrence of both types concurrently is described as pantaloon or saddle bag umbilical hernia. Complicated pantaloon umbilical hernia is rare. Presented was a case of complicated pantaloon umbilical hernia in a 55 year old multiparous female. Preoperative diagnosis was difficult especially in the setting of complication. Clinicians are urged to consider pantaloon umbilical hernia as a differential diagnosis of umbilical swellings.

BackgroundUmbilical hernias are a frequent and well-known pathology in children or adults. Congenital umbilical hernias are commonly diagnosed in childhood, and in adulthood such a hernia is usually acquired. Umbilical hernia in pregnancy may result in serious obstetric complications including antepartum hemorrhage, intrauterine fetal demise, and preterm labor, particularly if incarcerated.Case presentationWe present a rare case of a congenital umbilical hernia in a term pregnancy. The patient was a 34-year-old African (Malawian) woman, living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and on antiretroviral treatment, gravida 4, with three previous vaginal deliveries, and with two babies weighing 4 kg at birth. We performed herniorrhaphy at caesarean section, and at 3 months of follow-up she had no evidence of a recurrent hernia.ConclusionCongenital umbilical hernias are commonly diagnosed in childhood but might first be seen by medical practitioners in adulthood. A patient-centered approach addressing patient complaints, associated risk factors, and possible complications is recommended. Primary repair at caesarean section is a feasible option.

Umbilical hernia (UH) is common in African and African-descent children. In high-income countries (HICs), it is considered benign, which is not the case in Sub-Saharan ones. Through this study, we aimed to share our experience. A descriptive review was conducted from January 01, 2012 to December 31, 2017 at Albert Royer National Children's Hospital Center. Among the 2499 patients, 2146 cases were included in the review. UH had a frequency of 6.5%, with patients having a mean age of 2.6 years, with a male preponderance of 63%. Emergency consultation occurred in 37.1%. The symptomatic hernia was present in 90.9%. The congenital type was found in 96%, a history of painful episodes was reported in 46%, and medical and surgical comorbidities were found in 30.1% and 16.4%, respectively. Multimodal anesthesia was used in 93.1%. A lower umbilical crease incision was made in 83.2%, the sac was not empty in 16.3%, and additional umbilicoplasty was performed in 16.3%. During a 14-month follow-up, a complication occurred in 6.5% and mortality in 0.05%. In our region, the pediatric UH was predominantly symptomatic, with its natural evolution leading to more complications than in HICs. Its management carried acceptable morbidity.

Abstract Umbilical hernia (UH) is one of the most common conditions in infants and young children and usually closes spontaneously during the early years of life. Complications, such as incarceration, are rare. To the best of our knowledge, there have been only 35 cases of incarcerated UHs reported in children in the English literature. We present three cases of incarcerated UH in infants below the age of 1 year. A survey of the literature suggests that incarceration and strangulation tend to occur in infants younger than 6 months old with medium-sized (0.5–1.5 cm) UH rings, and that the mechanism may be the same as Richter's hernia. We conclude that guardians of infants with UH should be aware of the signs of incarceration.