Background:: Helminth infections caused by parasitic worms due to poor sanitation are a major public health problem. As the infections are often asymptomatic but can lead to malnutrition and growth problems, and also because of resistance to anthelmintics, effective treatments are crucial. Traditional herbal remedies, which are particularly important in resource-poor regions, such as northeast India, play an important role in addressing this challenge. Objective:: The study focuses on anthelmintic herbal remedies and aims to explore and analyze the indigenous herbal treatments in Northeast India. The review combines a comprehensive review of literature, field studies, and traditional knowledge and provides insights into plant species, preparation techniques and research studies that have been reported. Methods:: The information presented was assessed using a variety of electronic resources, including ScienceDirect, Wiley, Elsevier, Springer, Google Scholar, and PubMed (National Library of Medicines). Results:: The focus of this review is on the phytochemicals present in these herbal remedies from Northeastern India, which play a pivotal role in their efficacy against parasitic worms. The analysis explores the mechanisms of action behind these remedies and sheds light on the scientific basis of traditional therapies. It emphasizes the merging of ancient and modern research and emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge sharing. Conclusion:: This review highlights the scope for effective anthelmintic therapies and explores the synergy between synthetic compounds and natural phytometabolites that offer the potential for effective interventions. This ethnopharmacological review not only scientifically validates traditional wisdom but also demonstrates the value of indigenous approaches in the treatment of modern health issues.

It is estimated that three quarters of the world population rely on herbal and traditional medicine as a basis for primary health care. Therefore, it is one of the most important and challenging tasks for scientists working in drug research to investigate the efficacy of herbal medicine, to dissect favorable from adverse effects, to identify active principles in medicinal plants and to ban poisonous plants or contaminations from herbal mixtures. In the present review, some problems are critically discussed. Botanical misidentification or mislabeling of plant material can play a role for toxic reactions in humans. Some plant descriptions in traditional herbal medicine (e.g. traditional Chinese medicine) have changed over time, which may lead to unintended intoxication by using wrong plants. A problem is also the contamination of herbals with microorganisms, fungal toxins such as aflatoxin, with pesticides and heavy metals. Unprofessional processing, which differs from safe traditional preparation represents another potential source for herbal poisoning. Unwanted effects of herbal products may also develop by the interaction of herbs with conventional drugs upon concomitant intake. The art of herbal medicine is to dissect pharmacologically and therapeutically valuable herbal drugs from harmful and toxic ones and to develop combinations of medicinal plants as safe and efficient herbal remedies. Standardization and strict control measures are necessary to monitor sustainable high quality of herbal products and to exclude contaminations that badly affect patients consuming herbal medicine.

Herbal products are the mainstay treatment among patients with limited access to conventional medicines and those seeking holistic modalities for health and wellness. Usage continues to increase globally with the growing engagement of science and technology in the scientific and sound development of herbal products. In the Philippines, legislative controls on herbal medicine were established through the creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care (PITAHC) which aims to include herbal medicine use in the national health care system. This paper aims to review the current regulatory policies on production, registration, promotion, and use of herbal medicines in the country. Current policies provide measures in regulating, implementing, and monitoring of herbal medicines from production to consumption stages. However, improvements based on provisions from international standards can be adopted to guarantee efficacy and safety for public use. Policies are still lacking regarding implications of long-term effects; efficacy on specific populations (i.e. children, elderly, pregnant women); and on potential interactions with other food and drugs. There is also a need to strengthen studies on the environmental determinants influencing the effectiveness of herbal products. Paucity on studies on cost-effectiveness of herbal medicines is further noted.

This study aims to describe the herbal and traditional remedies in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) with an overview on related available evidence in modern medicine. This study is a review that focuses on the most important Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) sources including Avicenna's Canon of Medicine, Jorjani's Zakhīra-yi Khārazmshāhī, and Aazam-Khan's Eksir-e-Aazam, as well as pertinent information from Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Scientific Information Database, and Google Scholar by using the keywords salak, rīsh-e-balkhi, cutaneous leishmaniasis, and leishmaniasis for selected remedies. Several oral and topical herbal remedies, such as Vitis vinifera L. (Unripe grapes), Berberis vulgaris L., Rheum ribes L., Santalum album L., Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl (Camphor), Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch, Crocus sativus L., Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb, honey, and Alum root, were mentioned in TPM resources for the treatment of CL. Furthermore, cauterization, cupping, and leech therapy were considered for this purpose. In this review, some evidence-based studies will also be presented that have demonstrated the therapeutic properties of some of these products. In conclusion, the sages of TPM have recommended several systemic or topical medications, in addition to physical procedures, for treatment of CL, all of which could be a base for conducting further research on its efficacy.

BackgroundPlant species have long been used as principal ingredients of traditional medicine in far-west Nepal. The medicinal plants with ethnomedicinal values are currently being screened for their therapeutic potential but their data and information are inadequately compared and analyzed with the Ayurveda and the phytochemical findings.MethodsThe present study evaluated ethnomedicinal plants and their uses following literature review, comparison, field observations, and analysis. Comparison was made against earlier standard literature of medicinal plants and ethnomedicine of the same area, the common uses of the Ayurveda and the latest common phytochemical findings. The field study for primary data collection was carried out from 2006-2008.ResultsThe herbal medicine in far-west Nepal is the basis of treatment of most illness through traditional knowledge. The medicine is made available via ancient, natural health care practices such as tribal lore, home herbal remedy, and the Baidhya, Ayurveda and Amchi systems. The traditional herbal medicine has not only survived but also thrived in the trans-cultural environment with its intermixture of ethnic traditions and beliefs. The present assessment showed that traditional herbal medicine has flourished in rural areas where modern medicine is parsimoniously accessed because of the high cost and long travel time to health center. Of the 48 Nepalese medicinal plants assessed in the present communication, about half of the species showed affinity with the common uses of the Ayurveda, earlier studies and the latest phytochemical findings. The folk uses of Acacia catechu for cold and cough, Aconitum spicatum as an analgesic, Aesculus indica for joint pain, Andrographis paniculata for fever, Anisomeles indica for urinary affections, Azadirachta indica for fever, Euphorbia hirta for asthma, Taxus wallichiana for tumor control, and Tinospora sinensis for diabetes are consistent with the latest pharmacological findings, common Ayurvedic and earlier uses.ConclusionsAlthough traditional herbal medicine is only a primary means of health care in far-west Nepal, the medicine has been pursued indigenously with complementing pharmacology and the Ayurveda. Therefore, further pharmacological evaluation of traditional herbal medicine deserves more attention.

Traditional medicine is efficacious to protect complications of diabetes mellitus, such as diabetic neuropathy. Therapy with herbal medicine has been developed for people with diabetes empirically over the years. This literature review aims to assess effect of herbal medicine for patients with diabetic neuropathies. We conducted a literature analysis using articles that were randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Three databases were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL that have been published from January 2000 until October 2021until October 2021 and obtained four articles that met the study criteria. The review analysis results showed a significant effect between Gua Sha therapy, green tea extract, and topical Citrullus colocynthis on reducing diabetic neuropathy pain (p < 0.05). Nutmeg Extracts did not show significant results on diabetes mellitus pain after being treated for four weeks (p = 0.063). The review results in the physical and neural function also showed the significant increase in mean scores. Despite the positive findings, it is too early to conclude on the efficacy of herbal medicine to treat diabetic neuropathy due to the high clinical heterogeneity and the number of sample size of the study was too small. However, it may be indicative of the effect of herbal medicine in reducing pain in diabetic neuropathy.

Meghalaya, one of the seven sisters of North-East India, is bestowed with many plant species of medicinal importance. Herbal remedies have played an integral role in developing the cultural and spiritual life of the indigenous tribes of Meghalaya by assisting the primary healthcare needs of the people. In addition, the knowledge of traditional herbal medicine may serve as the basis for new drug discovery. However, the scientific community's vast ethnomedicinal knowledge of Meghalaya remains unexplored. In the present study, an effort has been made to shed light on the substantial folklore knowledge about various plant species that grow in the region, highlighting the traditional utilization method. A total of 150 medicinal plants belonging to 129 genera and 89 families were documented based on a thorough literature survey involving various research and review articles with an extensive search on PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier and other renowned journal sites.

This research aims to investigate the presence and concentration of dexamethasone in a herbal medicine commonly used for the management of rheumatic pain. The study utilizes both qualitative and quantitative analytical methods to assess the herbal remedies content, shedding light on potential pharmacological implications and safety concerns. The results provide valuable insights into the quality and consistency of the herbal medicine, contributing to the broader understanding of herbal remedies in pain management. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the presence and concentration of dexamethasone in a herbal medicine commonly used for the alleviation of rheumatic pain. Employing a dual approach of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the research aims to elucidate the chemical composition of the herbal remedy. Qualitative analysis involves the identification of dexamethasone through spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, confirming its presence in the herbal formulation. The quantitative aspect utilizes validated analytical methods to determine the precise concentration of dexamethasone, providing insights into the dosage levels within the herbal medicine. The findings of this investigation contribute valuable information for both herbal medicine practitioners and regulatory authorities, enhancing the understanding of the pharmacological profile of the herbal remedy and ensuring its safety and efficacy for the management of rheumatic pain.

Objective:Standard cancer therapy prolongs survival, but can be detrimental to the quality of life, compromise the immune system, and leave residual disease that can cause recurrence years or decades in the future. Tumor dormancy therapy is a novel therapeutic approach that may improve these shortcomings, promote quality of life, and prolong survival. The aim of this study was to analyze studies on dormancy therapy, especially studies using traditional Oriental herbal medicine, so as to evaluate the efficacy of dormancy therapy with traditional oriental herbal medicine.Methods:We conducted a systematic literature review using Scientific and Technical Information Integration Services (NDSL), PubMed, and RISS. We searched for clinical reports, papers, and books related to tumor metastasis, recurrence, immunotherapy, tumor dormancy, and traditional oriental herbal medicine with anticancer effects. Seventy-nine (79) experimental and clinical articles in both Korean and English were reviewed. This study was conducted from March 1, 2012 to May 31, 2012.Results:This approach, Tumor dormancy therapy, rather than seeking to remove the tumor, includes combination of low-dose chemotherapy, immunotherapy, immunosurveillance, and other methods to stabilize tumor growth and to enhance the host is immunity against disseminated tumor cells and thus to manage cancer as a chronic disease while maintaining quality of life. In particular, integrative use of Oriental herbal medicine has been shown to induce or maintain tumor dormancy, increase the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy, improve quality of life, and prolong survival.Conclusion:Tumor dormancy therapy is a promising novel therapeutic approach that may be especially effective with Oriental herbal medicine. Further research is needed to determine its potential mechanisms and therapeutic applications.

The underlying aim of this study is to systematic discuss the effectiveness of Chinese and Persian herbal medicine through the analysis of the existing and available studies on the usage of such herbs, plant extracts and herbal formulations that are descended from these two traditional medicinal roots. Using the technique of a systematic literature review, the researcher extracted 64 articles, only 8 of which were reviews and all others were original clinical researches, from medical databases including Pub Med, NIH and other clinical and scientific reports. After putting effort in conducting a screening in accordance to the exclusion criteria, the researcher included 64 articles, all of which were from 2010 and onwards to conduct this analysis. The study can be concluded as suggesting that the herbal medicine is quite effective in helping to treat, prevent and cure viral infections and widespread viral diseases. However, there is need of much more research in this area and the future researchers need to make investigations into the area of combined impacts of herbal and traditional medicine.