Abstract

The Kha-nyou or Lao rock rat ( Laonastes aenigmamus) was described as a new species, genus and family ( Laonastidae) (Jenkins et al., 2005). But morphological comparison with the family Diatomydae, a family solely based on fossil material, suggested Laonastes should be placed within this family (Dawson et al., 2006; Huchon et al., 2007). Thus Laonastes would represent the only living member of this family. Molecular genetic investigation placed Laonastes in a sister lineage to the Gundis ( Ctenodactylidae) (Huchon et al., 2007). Several morphological similarities support this phylogenetic position. A new record of the species north of the known distribution in Laos was found for the Nam Kading National Biodiversity Conservation Area. The food of wild Kha-nyou includes the Euphorbie Euphorbia antiquorum, which contains caustic and skin irritating terpenester. In captivity Kha–nyou is strictly herbivorous, and doesn’t feed on offered insects, insect larvae or worms.

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