Abstract
ZnO/CdS core/shell nanorod arrays were fabricated by a two-step method.Single-crystalline ZnO nanorod arrays were first electrochemically grown onSnO2:F (FTO) glass substrates. Then, CdS nanocrystals were deposited onto the ZnO nanorods, usingthe successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique, to form core/shellnanocable architectures. Structural, morphological and optical properties of the nanorodheterojunctions were investigated. The results indicate that CdS single-crystalline domainswith a mean diameter of about 7 nm are uniformly and conformally covered on the surfaceof the single-crystalline ZnO nanorods. ZnO absorption with a bandgap energy value of3.30 ± 0.02 eV is present in all optical transmittance spectra. Another absorption edge close to 500 nmcorresponding to CdS with bandgap energy values between 2.43 and 2.59 eV is observed.The dispersion in this value may originate in quantum confinement inside thenanocrystalline material. The appearance of both edges corresponds with the separation ofZnO and CdS phases and reveals the absorption increase due to CdS sensitizer. Thephotovoltaic performance of the resulting ZnO/CdS core/shell nanorod arrayshas been investigated as solar cell photoanodes in a photoelectrochemical cellunder white illumination. In comparison with bare ZnO nanorod arrays, a 13-foldenhancement in photoactivity was observed using the ZnO/CdS coaxial heterostructures.
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