Abstract
The zeolites are porous solid structures characterized by a particular framework of aluminosilicates, in which the incorporation of the Al+3 ions generates an excess of negative charge compensated by cations (usually alkali or alkali earth) or protons. In the latter case, they are employed as catalysts for a wide variety of reactions, such as dehydration, skeletal isomerization and cracking, while the catalytic activity of basic zeolites has not found, up to now, any industrial or whatever relevant application in chemical processes. In the present review, we firstly intend to give an overview of the fundamental chemical composition, as well as the structural features of the zeolite framework. The purpose of this paper is to analyze their key properties as acid, both Lewis and Brønsted, and basic solid support. Their application as catalysts is discussed by reviewing the already published works in that field, and a final remark of their still unexplored potential as green, mild, and selective catalyst is also reported.
Highlights
Zeolites, both naturally occurring or synthetic, are solids of aluminosilicates with crystalline structure and pore size in the microporous range (
Dehydrated zeolites are able to act as molecular sieves, since the dimension of their pores is such as to accept for absorption only molecules of a certain size, shape, and polarity
The reaction is performed on a peptidyl resin and the chemical process can be considered a solidprocedure, sincesince both both the catalyst and and the substrate
Summary
Both naturally occurring or synthetic, are solids of aluminosilicates with crystalline structure and pore size in the microporous range (
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