“You and me against the world”: black femmehood and citizenship in Kenya (Robinson)’s Patriot Games (2021)

Patient Perceptions of Social Media Use by Orthopaedic Surgeons: Comparing Responses Across the United States

Web 2.0 has changed the way consumers access information. This study aims to investigate the relationship between social media (Watsons’ Facebook page) content and consumers repurchase intention. In addition, it determined whether E-WOM and interactivity can act as the mediating variables between the social media content and repurchase decision. The data were collected through online and offline questionnaires. A total of 146 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through the SMART-PLS 3.3.9 software. The findings support the direct effect of social media content on E-WOM, interactivity, and repurchase intention. Moreover, the results confirmed the mediating role of interactivity between social media content and repurchase intention, however, E-WOM does not mediate between social media content and repurchase intention. The present study suggests some managerial implications for beauty brand retailers and provides fundamental strategies related to their social media.

Web 2.0 has changed the way consumers access information. This study aims to investigate the relationship between social media (Watsons’ Facebook page) content and consumers repurchase intention. In addition, it determined whether E-WOM and interactivity can act as the mediating variables between the social media content and repurchase decision. The data were collected through online and offline questionnaires. A total of 146 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through the SMART-PLS 3.3.9 software. The findings support the direct effect of social media content on E-WOM, interactivity, and repurchase intention. Moreover, the results confirmed the mediating role of interactivity between social media content and repurchase intention, however, E-WOM does not mediate between social media content and repurchase intention. The present study suggests some managerial implications for beauty brand retailers and provides fundamental strategies related to their social media.

first_page settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Font Size: Aa Aa Aa Line Spacing:    Column Width:    Background: Open AccessEditorial Religions Series: “Christian Nationalism in the United States”—Ebook Introduction by Mark Edwards Department of History, Political Economy, Geography, and Social Studies, Spring Arbor University, 106 E Main St, Spring Arbor, MI 49283, USA Religions 2017, 8(5), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel8050093 Received: 9 May 2017 / Revised: 10 May 2017 / Accepted: 10 May 2017 / Published: 13 May 2017 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Christian Nationalism in the United States) Download Download PDF Download PDF with Cover Download XML Download Epub Versions Notes While Christianity in American history remains a vibrant subfield, the subject of Christian nationalism in the United States remains understudied. The best survey on the topic, Robert T. Handy’s A Christian America: Protestant Hopes and Historical Realities, was lasted updated in 1984. The long absence of studies is particularly striking, given that related abstractions such as “civil religion” and “culture wars” receive regular updates. Recently, a number of historians have returned directly and indirectly to the subject of Christian nationalism, including John Fea (Fea 2016), Steven Green (Green 2015), Amanda Porterfield (Porterfield 2015), David Sehat (Sehat 2011), Emily Conroy-Krutz, (Conroy-Krutz 2015), Matthew Sutton (Sutton 2004), Kevin Kruse (Kruse 2015), Michael Thompson (Thompson 2015), and Sam Haselby (Haselby 2015), among others. Their scholarship teaches us several lessons. First, we should avoid “decline and revival” narratives and understand Christian nationalism as a construction (a “myth,” as Green terms it) that has arisen at various times in various places to accomplish a myriad of work. Second, Christian nationalism has been advanced by a diversity of persons and groups favorable and hostile to the idea, not just by evangelical Protestants. Third, Christian nationalism can be operational even when its keywords “Christian nation” and “Christian America” are absent. Finally, and most importantly, “Christian nationalism” is a discursive site where politics and history meet—where assertions of identity and power are conjoined.The essays in this Special Issue will assess and apply (or relate) those lessons to a number of new subjects, events, and time periods within American history. Our intent is not to document every instance of Christian nationalism from every possible perspective. Rather, our aim is to prove the utility of “Christian nationalism” as an analytical concept—like “civil religion” or “culture wars”—to understand continuity and disjuncture throughout U.S. politics, culture, and society. Our respective definitions, redefinitions, and reframing of Christian nationalism should spark further investigations into its multiple manifestations and impact. Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.ReferencesFea, John. 2016. Was America Founded as a Christian Nation? Revised Edition: A Historical Introduction. Louisville: Westminster John Knox. [Google Scholar]Green, Steven. 2015. Inventing a Christian America: The Myth of the Religious Founding. New York: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar]Porterfield, Amanda. 2015. Conceived in Doubt: Religion and Politics in the New American Nation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [Google Scholar]Sehat, David. 2011. The Myth of American Religious Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar]Conroy-Krutz, Emily. 2015. Christian Imperialism: Converting the World in the Early American Republic. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. [Google Scholar]Sutton, Matthew Avery. 2014. American Apocalypse: A History of Modern Evangelicalism. Cambridge: Belknap Press. [Google Scholar]Kruse, Kevin. 2015. One Nation under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America. New York: Basic. [Google Scholar]Thompson, Michael. 2015. For God and Globe: Christian Internationalism in the United States between the Great War and the Cold War. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. [Google Scholar]Haselby, Sam. 2015. The Origins of American Religious Nationalism. New York: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] © 2017 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Share and Cite MDPI and ACS Style Edwards, M. Religions Series: “Christian Nationalism in the United States”—Ebook Introduction. Religions 2017, 8, 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel8050093 AMA Style Edwards M. Religions Series: “Christian Nationalism in the United States”—Ebook Introduction. Religions. 2017; 8(5):93. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel8050093 Chicago/Turabian Style Edwards, Mark. 2017. "Religions Series: “Christian Nationalism in the United States”—Ebook Introduction" Religions 8, no. 5: 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel8050093 Find Other Styles Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here. Article Metrics No No Article Access Statistics For more information on the journal statistics, click here. Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.

While the partisanship of U.S. media outlets is well documented, the role of political affiliation in social media adoption and online discussions is much less studied. Social media allow individuals to contribute to the dissemination of information. As a result, understanding the relationship between political affiliation and content-sharing behaviors provides insight into whose voices are represented in social media content. Political affiliation might be particularly pertinent to engagement with politically charged topics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper uses survey data collected in Spring 2020 to examine the role of political affiliation in both social media adoption and content sharing about COVID-19 on three platforms: Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Subsequently, we look at how these factors relate to COVID-19 knowledge, an important outcome with broader health implications. We find that political affiliation relates to both site adoption and sharing on the platforms, but these are not uniform across all three platforms. We find no connection between political affiliation and knowledge about the virus but we do find that content sharing on two of the examined platforms is negatively related to knowledge. This work has larger implications for other contexts where polarized and politicized arguments take place, such as climate change and other contentious topics as it concerns both whose voices are heard in these discourses as well as what people can take away from engaging with content.

Recent research demonstrates strong connections between Americans' embrace of Christian nationalism and their beliefs and attitudes towards a host of salient social and cultural issues. Implicit in these explanations is that a stronger embrace of Christian nationalism signals an underlying fear of changes to the broader culture, which are perceived as leading the nation further away from a preferred, mythic past. To date, however, empirical studies have not focused explicitly on the relationship between social fears and Christian nationalism. Using a nationally representative sample of American adults, we examine the relationship between Christian nationalism and Americans' fears about immigrants, Muslims, communism, white racial replacement and gun control. We find that Christian nationalism is strongly associated with fears about ethnoracial ‘others’, as well as fears about losing economic autonomy and access to guns. Overall, our study shows that contemporary Christian nationalism in the United States is situated in a constellation of social fears about ethnoracial purity, as well as about the perceived loss of individual autonomy.

Examining only screen time and addictive use may overlook critical aspects of social media use. Therefore, this study aimed to explore social media screen time, addictive use, motives, and content—both interrelations and how these variables are associated with psychosocial problems. We also examined sex differences. High school and university students (n = 1820) completed a digital survey. Interrelations between the social media use variables were mostly significant, but modest, and the variables explained as much as 33–40% of the variance in psychosocial outcomes (i.e., psychosomatic problems, low self-esteem, and social problems). Addictive use in terms of negative consequences was related to all three outcomes. In addition, the motive Escape and Appearance-based content were strongly related to both psychosomatic problems and low self-esteem, whereas the motive Social Compensation and Negative content were strongly related to social problems. Females scored higher on most social media use variables, including a higher prevalence of social media disorder. Sex moderated some associations, but interaction effects were small. Associations were primarily linear. Conclusively, social media content and motives explain a large amount of the variance in psychosocial outcomes, emphasizing the importance of moving beyond screen time. Future research should further investigate these aspects to develop more targeted interventions aimed at reducing social media’s negative mental health impact.

Malaysian companies have been using social media as a major platform for marketing their products or services. This trend is shared and preferred by various companies to interact with their customers in order to boost their sales. The primary objective of the study is to determine if the components of social media marketing, namely, social media activity, social media interactivity, and social media content, impact on customer satisfaction, in particular online fashion stores. A quantitative approach is adopted where data was collected using a selfadministered questionnaire. The respondents were consumers who use social media in their daily routine and those who have purchased any fashion product by using online platforms. A total of 393 useable questionnaires were collected using the online survey method. The collected data went through a process of analysis, where descriptive as well as inferential analyses were performed. Data analyses include reliability tests, validity tests, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and hypotheses testing using structural equation modeling. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of social media marketing on consumer satisfaction. The study reveals that all three (3) factors related to social media marketing, namely: social media activity, social media interactivity, and social media content, has been tested empirically and found that they all contribute significantly towards customer satisfaction. However, social media content emerged with a stronger positive impact than the other two factors. The result of this study should contribute to the body of knowledge and will be of significance to those companies who are interested/or using social media platforms for their marketing purposes.

BackgroundApproximately 80,000 primary brain tumors are diagnosed annually. Social media provides a source of information and support for patients diagnosed with brain tumors; however, use of this forum for dissemination of information about brain tumors has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate social media utilization and content related to brain tumors with an emphasis on patients’ trends in usage.MethodsSocial media platforms were systematically evaluated using two search methods: systematic manual inquiry and a keyword-based social media tracker. The search terms included brain tumor, glioblastoma, glioma, and glioblastoma multiforme. Social media content (which includes Facebook pages and groups, YouTube videos, and Twitter or Instagram accounts) and posts were assessed for activity (as quantified by views of posts) and analyzed using a categorization framework.ResultsThe manual and keyword searches identified 946 sources of social media content, with a total count of 7,184,846 points of engagement. Social media platforms had significant variations in content type. YouTube was the largest social media platform for sharing content related to brain tumors overall, with an emphasis on surgical videos and documented patient experiences. Facebook accounted for the majority of patient-to-patient support, and Twitter was the most common platform for scientific dissemination. Overall social media content was mostly focused on treatment overviews and patient experience. When evaluated by search term, most social media posts by the “brain tumor” community shared illness narratives, and searches specific to “glioma” and “glioblastoma” demonstrated a higher proportion of educational and treatment posts.ConclusionsThis study presents novel observations of the characteristics of social media utilization for the online brain tumor community. A robust patient community exists online, with an emphasis on sharing personal narratives, treatment information, patient-to-patient support, treatment options, and fundraising events. This study provides a window to the role of social media utilization by patients, their families, and health professionals. These findings demonstrate the different roles of Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter in the rapidly changing era of social media and its relationship with neurosurgery and neuro-oncology.

BackgroundDepression is a common disorder that still remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in the UK National Health Service. Charities and voluntary organizations offer mental health services, but they are still struggling to promote these services to the individuals who need them. By analyzing social media (SM) content using machine learning techniques, it may be possible to identify which SM users are currently experiencing low mood, thus enabling the targeted advertising of mental health services to the individuals who would benefit from them.ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand SM users’ opinions of analysis of SM content for depression and targeted advertising on SM for mental health services.MethodsA Web-based, mixed methods, cross-sectional survey was administered to SM users aged 16 years or older within the United Kingdom. It asked participants about their demographics, their usage of SM, and their history of depression and presented structured and open-ended questions on views of SM content being analyzed for depression and views on receiving targeted advertising for mental health services.ResultsA total of 183 participants completed the survey, and 114 (62.3%) of them had previously experienced depression. Participants indicated that they posted less during low moods, and they believed that their SM content would not reflect their depression. They could see the possible benefits of identifying depression from SM content but did not believe that the risks to privacy outweighed these benefits. A majority of the participants would not provide consent for such analysis to be conducted on their data and considered it to be intrusive and exposing.ConclusionsIn a climate of distrust of SM platforms’ usage of personal data, participants in this survey did not perceive that the benefits of targeting advertisements for mental health services to individuals analyzed as having depression would outweigh the risks to privacy. Future work in this area should proceed with caution and should engage stakeholders at all stages to maximize the transparency and trustworthiness of such research endeavors.

In social media, media contents are in constant flux. For journalists and media organizations social media is a key channel for the distribution of their content. Social media is indispensable when media organizations make efforts to extend their reach among the audience. An important manner in how media organizations distribute content in social media is the direct mode, such as when they publish content on their own pages or feeds in Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. However, only a share of media content on social media is accessed via the direct flows from publishers, as for a large part the media content in users' personal social media feeds consists of material shared by friends and other contacts. In addition to these human nodes of content distribution, algorithms utilized by social media platforms also influence to a great extent the media content that is visible to the social media users.

Given the unprecedented reach of social media, firms are increasingly relying on it as a channel for marketing communication. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of firm-generated content (FGC) in social media on three key customer metrics: spending, cross-buying, and customer profitability. The authors further investigate the synergistic effects of FGC with television advertising and e-mail communication. To accomplish their objectives, the authors assemble a novel data set comprising customers’ social media participation data, transaction data, and attitudinal data obtained through surveys. The results indicate that after the authors account for the effects of television advertising and e-mail marketing, FGC has a positive and significant effect on customers’ behavior. The authors show that FGC works synergistically with both television advertising and e-mail marketing and also find that the effect of FGC is greater for more experienced, tech-savvy, and social media–prone customers. They propose and examine the effect of three characteristics of FGC: valence, receptivity, and customer susceptibility. The authors find that whereas all three components of FGC have a positive impact, the effect of FGC receptivity is the largest. The study offers critical managerial insights regarding how to leverage social media for better returns.

BackgroundLatinx gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. As Latinx sexual minority men, particularly those who are foreign-born, experience inequitable access to health services, tailored strategies to engage them for HIV prevention are urgently needed.ObjectiveOur study seeks to address the need for enhanced access to HIV prevention among Latinx immigrant sexual minority men. We developed and piloted a culturally sensitive technology-based campaign focused on HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake.MethodsWe used a two-phase approach to assess the feasibility of community-informed social media content in engaging Latinx immigrant sexual minority men for HIV testing and PrEP use. First, we conducted three iterative focus groups with 15 Latinx immigrant sexual minority men to refine the HIV prevention content to be piloted on social media platforms. The finalized content was placed on Instagram and Facebook for 9 days in July and September 2021 to individuals who were in Washington State. Individuals who clicked on the content were directed to a website with additional HIV prevention information. Second, we conducted online surveys (n=60) with website visitors that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, barriers to HIV prevention, and HIV-related transmission risk and prevention behaviors. We conducted descriptive analyses to examine the overall profile of survey respondents and determine the feasibility of culturally informed social media content in reaching Latinx immigrant sexual minority men.ResultsOverall, 739 unique users visited the website during the 9-day period when the social media content was posted on Instagram and Facebook. Our sample included 60 Latinx immigrant sexual minority men who completed the online survey. Participants’ mean age was 30.8 years and more than half (n=34, 57%) completed the survey in Spanish. A quarter of participants indicated that they were unauthorized immigrants and 57% (n=34) reported not having medical insurance. Participants reported, on average, having 6 different sexual partners in the last 6 months. Nearly a third of respondents had not tested for HIV in the last 6 months. Only about half (n=32, 53%) of respondents had used PrEP in the last 12 months.ConclusionsCommunity-driven social media and web-based strategies are feasible ways to engage Latinx immigrant sexual minority men who may traditionally lack access to HIV prevention information and services due to structural and social barriers. The results highlight that culturally relevant social media and web-based outreach strategies that are informed and developed by the community can reach Latinx immigrant sexual minority men for HIV prevention. Findings underscore the need to examine the effectiveness of social media content in promoting HIV testing and PrEP uptake in marginalized Latinx populations.

I argue that constructivism can help us understand the political dimension of sports generally and specifically the norms, meaning, and social identity of American football. More specifically, I contend that football’s development in the United States built it into a cultural force associated with militarist and patriotic norms that politicians could leverage for political support when deep domestic divisions existed concerning national security. This phenomenon resulted from the game’s social transformation from a primarily civilian, leisure-time form of recreation and entertainment into a socially constructed symbol for military recruitment by a reinforcing “gridiron triangle” comprised of actors from the military bureaucracy, football teams and leagues, and the sports media. Because of this social phenomenon, American presidents such as Richard Nixon and Donald Trump have attempted to use football as a cultural asset for bolstering support when their national security credentials were seriously questioned. In the case of Nixon, it happened when the United States was divided over the Vietnam War. As for the Trump administration, a similar situation emerged amid investigations of collusion between the Russian government and the Trump campaign and the subsequent manipulation of military aid designed to contain Russian expansion in Ukraine for partisan, electoral gains.

The work provides the analysis of specifics of web users’ communication. Special attention is paid to the communication in social media and, in particular, to the problem of detection of abusive content in social media users’ messages. The main distinctive features of communication in social media are defined, and also the analysis of causes that can disimprove the accuracy of automated detection of abusive content is performed. The stages of processing the natural language text data are analysed, in particular the detection of abusive content, concerning the possibility of its modification for considering the peculiarities of communication in social media and other aspects that can influence the final result of text data classification. It is defined, that peculiar features of messages and special aspects of communication in social media such as the existence of symbols and numbers that can lead to confusion in message apprehension, the existence of emoji, context (at a level of social media users’ connections) and context (at a level of social media messages) can be concerned in the process of automated detection of abusive content in social media text messages. Corresponding modifications of text pre-processing stages and the analysis of classification results are defined. Method of automated detection of abusive content in social media text messages is proposed based on the principles of machine learning with modified approach to natural language text data pre-processing. Incoming data format for efficient detection of abusive content in them is proposed.