Yogic Practices for Modulating Hematological Indices and Inflammatory Markers: A Non-Pharmacological Approach

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between hyperuricemia and hematological indicators.Five hundred twenty-two male and 255 female subjects (18–90 years old) were recruited in the study. The level of serum uric acid (SUA), total white blood cell (WBC) count, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count was measured, computed, and analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficients, Student t-tests, multivariate linear regression models, and multivariate logistic regression models were performed to analyze the results.For men, WBC count (r = 0.13, P < 0.01), RBC count (r = 0.15, P < 0.001), and hemoglobin (r = 0.11, P < 0.05) were significantly correlated with SUA. For women, WBC count (r = 0.24, P < 0.001), RBC count (r = 0.31, P < 0.001), hemoglobin (r = 0.31, P < 0.001), and hematocrit (r = 0.29, P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with SUA. For men, WBC (P < 0.01) and RBC (P < 0.05) counts were significantly higher in patients with hyperuricemia than in normal subjects. For men, after adjustment for confounding factors, those in the fourth quartiles of WBC counts had 1.66-fold increased odds of hyperuricemia as compared with those in the reference group. For women, after adjustment, those in the second to fourth quartiles of WBC count, RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit had increased the odds of hyperuricemia as compared with those in the reference groups.Our study showed significant relations between the level of SUA and WBC count, RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, which could be important biological markers of hyperuricemia.

The association of total and differential white blood cell count with metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients

Increment of absolute neutrophil count in the third trimester and increased risk of small-for-gestational-age birth: Hirakata Risk Associated with Pregnancy Assessment Research (HIRAPAR)

Smoking status and differential white cell count in men and women in the EPIC-Norfolk population

Sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMX/T) is an antimicrobial agent that has been used for decades against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as protozoa. It is particularly used as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Its use in dogs with associated adverse reactions has necessitated an experimental study that may enhance clinical management of the toxicities. The study aimed to determine the effects of prolonged treatment with high doses of sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim on the haematological profile of dogs. Dogs were given SMX/T at 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight at 12-h intervals for 21 days. The packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HbC), red blood cell (RBC) count and total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts were performed using standard techniques. Data generated was analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Alopecia, epistaxis and skin eruptions were seen at the dose of 120 mg/kg. There were also dose-dependent decreases in the PCV and RBC count. HbC was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the control only at the dose of 120 mg/kg. Total WBC count was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the control only on day 7 of treatment at 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg. Beyond day 7, the white cell response, total and differential WBC counts, were fluctuating with significant depression at the dose of 120 mg/kg. Increase in dose and prolonged use of SMX/T in the dogs decreased the haematological parameters and increased the occurrence of toxic reactions and may outweigh the benefits of treatment with the drug in recommended cases.

Purposes: To evaluate changes of the immune system in athletes during and after 7- day marathon and to correlate these changes with mechanism of clinical sepsis. METHODS: The subjects were nine healthy athletes (5 males and 4 females, age 52.4±2.5 yr; means±SEM) in 7-day race of the 2008 Athens ultra-marathon festival. Blood samples were collected before, during and after the competition. The concentrations of plasma cortisol, neutrophil degranulation (total elastase release), and total white blood cell (WBC) and differential WBC counts including lymphocytes, neutrophils and monoocytes were measured. RESULTS: (1) Comparing to pre-race, total WBC counts, lymphocyte counts and monocyte counts of subjects significantly decreased (-6.7%∼-33.6%, -61.7%∼-72.7%, -3.1%∼-63% respectively, P<.05) during the race. Contrarily, neutrophil counts, total elastase release and the concentration of plasma cortisol significantly increased (-3.1%∼43.5%, 21.7%∼119.8%, 288.3%∼387.3% respectively, P<.05) (2) Total WBC counts, neutrophil counts and total elastase release during the race were less than post-race (P<.05) while lymphocyte counts slightly recovered after the race. (3) Total WBC counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts and monocyte counts during post-race were less than pre-race (P<.05) while the concentration of plasma cortisol was still higher than pre-race concentration (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: The main findings of this study were (1) acute inflammatory response in runners occurred in the first day of 7-day race, including increased neutrophil counts and total elastase release, which may be due to heavy stress of ultra-marathon; (2) immunosuppression induced by prolong exercise and presented as the decrement of total and differential white blood cell counts, may not fully recover during 2 days post-race; (3) the inflammatory responses pattern of the immune system in the 7-day marathon runners is similar to the developing of sepsis.

Study of the association of total and differential white blood cell counts with geriatric conditions, cardio-vascular diseases, seric IL-6 levels and telomere length

Introduction: Hematologists have always had a keen interest in researching the pathophysiology and clinical relevance of hematological parameters in various populations. Factors that may affect hematological and serum biochemical parameters might include gender, age, body mass index (BMI), season, and nutrition. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the association of hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and platelets with the age, gender, and BMI of patients who came to the hematology section of the department in the regular outpatient department (OPD) services. Materials and Methods: We had selected 300 patients randomly who came to the hematology section of the department in the regular OPD services. We had calculated height and weight of the patient after their consent and calculated their BMI. The selected patients were categorized into five age groups from Group A to Group E (20–30 years, 31–40 years, 41–50 years, 51–60 years, and 61–70 years), into males and females (Group A and Group B), also according to BMI into four groups (Group A – BMI &lt;18.5 kg/m2, Group B – BMI &lt;18.5–25 kg/m2, Group C – BMI &gt;25 kg/m2, and Group D – BMI &gt;30 kg/m2). Blood sample was collected from each patient in an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid anticoagulant and was analyzed using a hematological autoanalyzer. Results and Discussion: A decline in hemoglobin (HB) levels and RBC count was observed above 30 years, and it decreased more in females. The mean age of obese subgroup was found to be significantly more among males. Whereas, underweight and overweight were found to be significantly more among females. HB, RBC, and platelet count did not show any significant difference among the subgroups of BMI category, but WBC count was found to be adequate in majority of the subjects with normal weight. Conclusion: In our study, we found an age-dependent decline in HB levels in the age group above 30 years. RBC and platelet count did not show any significant difference among the subgroups of BMI category, but WBC count was found to be adequate in subjects with normal weight.

BackgroundElevated total white blood cell (WBC) count is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and death. Aerobic exercise is associated with lower total WBC, neutrophil, and monocyte counts. However, no studies have evaluated the effect of the amount of aerobic exercise (dose) on total WBC and WBC subfraction counts.PurposeTo examine the effects of 3 different doses of aerobic exercise on changes in total WBC and WBC subfraction counts and independent effects of changes in fitness, adiposity, markers of inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, C-reactive protein), fasting glucose metabolism, and adiponectin.MethodsData from 390 sedentary, overweight/obese postmenopausal women from the DREW study were used in these analyses. Women were randomized to a non-exercise control group or one of 3 exercise groups: energy expenditure of 4, 8, or 12 kcal kg−1⋅week−1 (KKW) for 6 months at an intensity of 50% VO2peak.ResultsA dose-dependent decrease in total WBC counts (trend P = 0.002) was observed with a significant decrease in the 12KKW group (−163.1±140.0 cells/µL; mean±95%CI) compared with the control (138.6±144.7 cells/µL). A similar response was seen in the neutrophil subfraction (trend P = 0.001) with a significant decrease in the 12KKW group (−152.6±115.1 cells/µL) compared with both the control and 4KKW groups (96.4±119.0 and 21.9±95.3 cells/µL, respectively) and in the 8KKW group (−102.4±125.0 cells/µL) compared with the control. When divided into high/low baseline WBC categories (median split), a dose-dependent decrease in both total WBCs (P = 0.003) and neutrophils (P<0.001) was observed in women with high baseline WBC counts. The effects of exercise dose on total WBC and neutrophil counts persisted after accounting for significant independent effects of change in waist circumference and IL-6.ConclusionAerobic exercise training reduces total WBC and neutrophil counts, in a dose-dependent manner, in overweight/obese postmenopausal women and is especially beneficial for those with systemic low grade inflammation.Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT00011193

Association between hematological parameters and metabolic syndrome components in a Chinese population

Total and differential white blood cell counts, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular risk in non-affective psychoses.

Pregnancy involves maternal immunological adjustments to accommodate the fetus and maintain a strong immune defense against potential pathogens. The present study evaluated the changes in CD4, CD8, white blood cell (WBC) and total lymphocyte count (TLC) amongst HIV seronegative pregnant subjects in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A total of 302 female subjects (18-39 years) were recruited for the study. They consisted of 205 pregnant subjects and 97 non-pregnant subjects which served as the control. All subjects were screened for HIV type 1 and type 2 using standard test kits. Total and differential white blood cell counts were determined using a haematology auto analyzer while the total lymphocyte count (TLC) was obtained by multiplying total white blood cell count (TWC) with percentage lymphocyte count. The CD4 and CD8 cell counts were analyzed using the automated flow cytometry analyzer while the CD4:CD8 cell count ratio was obtained by dividing the CD4 cell count value by that of CD8. The result of the study shows a statistically significant decrease in CD4 and CD8 cell counts, lymphocyte and total lymphocyte counts and an increase in neutrophil count in all the trimesters of pregnancy when compared to the non-pregnant control (p&amp;lt;0.05). Also, there was a significant increase in WBC during the third trimester and a similar decrease in monocyte count in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. The evidence from the present study concludes that pregnancy modifies the maternal immune response to ensure fetal survival and the protection of the mother from invading pathogens as reported in the increase in total WBC, neutrophil and monocyte counts and a reduction in TLC, CD4 and CD8 counts. The study recommends routine assessments of these crucial cellular immune markers for pregnant women during antenatal visits.

Most UK hospitals, laboratories, and research institutions use uniform reference intervals (RI) that do not take into account known diurnal and racial variation in total white blood cells (WBC) count and its constituent parameters. These risks of excluding potentially suitable ethnic minority volunteers from participating in phase I clinical trials could call into question the validity of a trial’s findings or limit its scientific applications and ability to accurately observe drug effects upon WBC parameters. This study pools data from multiple phase I trials, assesses the effects of race and time of day on WBC count, and compares it to the existing literature to establish race and time-specific RIs. A total 13,332 venous blood samples obtained from 7,157 healthy male and female volunteers at the time of screening or admission (predosing) who took part in 35 phase I trials over a period of seven years were pooled and the data were analyzed using generalised estimating equation models. Adjusted RI of total WBC count and its individual parameters were then calculated according to time of day (morning vs. evening) for both black and nonblack populations. This study indicates that black individuals on average had lower total WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts than individuals from nonblack racial groups. Black volunteers had higher mean lymphocyte counts relative to their nonblack counterparts. These differences were deemed statistically significant. Statistically significant increases in total WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts were also observed over the course of daily sampling. Eosinophil counts decreased during this time period, but this finding was only statistically significant in the nonblack population. Despite an observed mild diurnal increase in basophil count in both populations, this was not considered statistically significant. This high-powered study adds significant weight to the known evidence for diurnal and racial variation in WBC parameters. Importantly, it proposes specific RIs that more precisely reflect race and time of day. These could ensure increased participation of black volunteers in clinical trials for improved population representation. Furthermore, the proposed RIs allow for more accurate postdose safety monitoring and reporting, and ensure improved monitoring of postdose WBC count changes.

Association of Insulin Resistance and Hematologic Parameters: Study of a Middle-aged and Elderly Chinese Population in Taiwan

Introduction: The most common malignancy which endangers the quality of life in females is breast cancer. It is also the major public problem in society and despite advances in treatment strategies, it still leads to high mortality. In all breast cancer patients, the first assessment done before surgery is the complete blood count (CBC). There exists a strong relationship between immune response of the body and clinical staging of breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the most reliable hematological markers for the prognosis of breast cancer, and to evaluate the correlation between hematological parameters and disease staging.&#x0D; Methods: This study was a case control study conducted for a period of 3 years from Jan 2016 to December 2018 in the Department of Pathology (R.L. hospital and Research Center attached to Sri Devaraj Urs medical college, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka). The comparison of the hematological parameters was done between the study group (70 cases) and the control group (20 cases). The relation between the hematological parameters and the various stages of breast cancer was analyzed before initiating the treatment.&#x0D; Results: The majority of the breast cancer patients were of stage 2. The hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell (RBC) count, lymphocyte count, and were reduced in the study group, with a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) when compared to the controls. Hemoglobin concentration, RBC count, hematocrit, white blood cell (WBC) count, and absolute lymphocyte count were inversely proportional to the stage of breast cancer. The absolute count, ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were directly proportional to the progression of disease.&#x0D; Conclusion: Hemoglobin, RBC count, WBC count (including differential count), NLR, and PLR are the key hematological indicators which predict the severity and mortality risk of breast carcinoma.&#x0D;