Yielding capacity and adaptability of winter bread wheat breeding lines in environment of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe

Abstract

Purpose. To estimate yielding capacity and adaptability of winter bread wheat promising lines bred at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat in the final stage of breeding process for submission of the best lines to the State Qualifying Expertise. Methods. Field and mathematical-statistical. Results. During 2010–2014, 17 winter bread wheat promising lines of competitive testing in 18 environments (growing season conditions, preceding crop, sowing date) were evaluated by yielding capacity and adaptability parameters: plasticity, stability, general and specific adaptive ability, breeding value of genotype, compensation coefficient of genotype. According to the regression coefficient level, 3 groups of lines have been identified: weakly responding on changes in environment (bi < 1) – Erythrospermum 54866, Lutescens 36921; plastic ones (bi = 1) Lutescens 54630, Lutescens 35232; highly sensitive to changes in environment (bi > 1) – Lutescens 54739, Lutescens 36756, Lutescens 37090, Lutescens 54875. The maximum general adaptive ability was observed for the lines Lutescens 35354, Lutescens 54630, Lutescens 54739, Lutescens 54533, Erythrospermum 36802, Lutescens 36756, whereas the lines Lutescens 54533, Lutescens 320/02, Lutescens 36931, Erythrospermum 54866 were revealed to be the most stable in specific adaptive ability. The lines Lutescens 54533, Lutescens 54630, Lutescens 54739, Erythrospermum 36802, and Erythrospermum 54866 were characterized with the highest breeding value of genotype. Conclusions. Estimation by the integral index “breeding value of genotype” characterizing the balance between the yield level and stability gives more accurate information when testing high-yielding lines, and allows making the right choice that is confirmed with the adaptability rating of the genotype. Based on comprehensive assessment by yielding capacity and adaptivity parameters, the following lines as the future varieties were identified: Lutescens 54630 (Berehynia myronivska), Lutescens 54739 (Hospodynia myronivska), Lutesсens 36921 (Trudivnytsia myronivska), Erythrospermum 54866 (MIP Vyshyvanka), Erythrospermum 36802 (Hratsiia myronivska.