Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to explore yield stability of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars based on stability index, with specific aim at studying cultivar behavior regarding yield of peas under both conventional and low-input cultivation systems. Five cultivars of peas were used in a strip-plot design. Correlations showed a significant positive relation between seed yield and some other traits. Indirect seed yield improvement may be implemented by improving pod length, which generally showed high stability indices in Greek mega-environment. Comparisons between conventional and low-input farming systems generally did not affect stability estimations, but revealed cultivars that exhibited stable performance, even in low-input farming systems. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) biplot analysis, genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant differences between genotypes and environments, and also the farming system. This way, we have certain cultivars of peas to recommend for specific areas and farming system, in order to achieve the most stable performance. Vermio proved to be a stable cultivar for seed yield performance, in Giannitsa, Trikala and Kalambaka area, in low-inputs farming systems, while Olympos was the best in Florina area and low-input farming.
Highlights
Pea (Pisum sativum L.), is an herbaceous winter annual and self-pollinated crop
Environment and cultivation system was very significant and these data must be analyzed in combination with cultivar performance within each environment and cultivation system
For all traits the sum of squares for the genotype by environment interaction (GE) signal was more than four times as large as that for G, so the AMMI analysis was likely to be worthwhile [16]
Summary
Pea (Pisum sativum L.), is an herbaceous winter annual and self-pollinated crop. In terms of nutritive value peas contain a high percentage (ranging from 15% to 35%) of proteins including the essential amino acids tryptophan and lysine, and a significant content of vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates [1,2]. Low productivity of the crop has created the necessity to breed new high yielding cultivars, which may fulfil the needs of the growers and enhance the productivity. Various planning and execution of a breeding program for the improvement of the various quantitative traits depend, to a great extent, upon the magnitude of genetic variability existing in the population. The genetic variability forms the basis of the entire breeding program. To give a better insight of ancillary characters under selection, genetic variability analysis is the tool, which is being effectively used for determining the rate of various yield components in different crops, leading to the selection superior genotypes [5,6]. Existence of sufficient variability in the genetic stock is a prerequisite for initiation of any breeding program. On the basis of above points the present study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters for growth and yield parameters in pea
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