Abstract
An Acrudoxic Kandiudult soil profile from Farmhill, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, was analyzed by Mossbauer spectroscopy as an example of a red soil with yellowish surface horizons, a common sequence for which iron oxide characteristics are only poorly documented. In the red lower part of the profile (62+ cm), the Fe oxide fraction consists of hematite and well-crystallized pure goethite. In the yellowish upper part (0-62 cm), the relative hematite content is lower, goethite shows a high degree of Al-for-Fe substitution, and ferrihydrite is present. Processes found to have affected the Fe oxide fraction are hematite dissolution, partial leaching, goethite precipitation with a high degree of Al incorporation, and ferrihydrite formation in conditions with a high organic matter content; the so-called DOM (dissolved organic matter) ferrihydrites.
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