Abstract
PurposeAn evaluation of mortality due to infectious diseases in Poland in 1999–2012 and an analysis of standard expected years of life lost due to the above diseases.MethodsThe study material included a database created on the basis of 5,219,205 death certificates of Polish inhabitants, gathered between 1999 and 2012 and provided by the Central Statistical Office. Crude Death Rates (CDR), Standardized Death Rates (SDR) and Standard Expected Years of Life Lost (SEYLL) due to infectious and parasitic diseases were also evaluated in the study period as well as Standard Expected Years of Life Lost per living person (SEYLLp) and Standard Expected Years of Life Lost per dead person (SEYLLd). Time trends were evaluated with the application of joinpoint models and an annual percentage change in their values.ResultsDeath certificates report that 38,261 people died due to infectious diseases in Poland in the period 1999–2012, which made up 0.73% of the total number of deaths. SDR caused by these diseases decreased, particularly in the male group: Annual Percentage Change (APC = -1.05; 95% CI:-2.0 to -0.2; p<0.05). The most positive trends were observed in mortality caused by tuberculosis (A15-A19) (APC = -5.40; 95% CI:-6.3 to -4.5; p<0.05) and also meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis and encephalomyelitis (G03-G04) (APC = -3.42; 95% CI:-4.7 to -2.1; p<0.05). The most negative mortality trends were observed for intestinal infectious diseases (A00-A09) Annual Average Percentage Change (AAPC = 7.3; 95% CI:3.1 to 11.7; p<0.05). SDR substantially decreased in the first half of the study period, but then significantly increased in the second half. Infectious and parasitic diseases contributed to a loss of around 37,000 standard expected years of life in 1999 and more than 28,000 in 2012. During the study period, the SEYLLp index decreased from 9.59 to 7.39 per 10,000 population and the SEYLLd index decreased from 14.26 to 10.34 years (AAPC = 2.3; 95% CI:-2,9 to -1.7; p<0.05).ConclusionsDespite smaller numbers of deaths reported from infectious causes these diseases still represent a serious problem for Poland compared to countries in Western Europe.
Highlights
The ongoing changes in global health, known as epidemiological transition, have given rise to a different model of mortality characterised by a declining share of infectious diseases and a growing share of non-communicable diseases [1]
Standardized Death Rates (SDR) caused by these diseases decreased, in the male group: Annual Percentage Change (APC = -1.05; 95% confidence intervals (CI):-2.0 to -0.2; p
The most positive trends were observed in mortality caused by tuberculosis (A15-A19) (APC = -5.40; 95% CI:-6.3 to -4.5; p
Summary
The ongoing changes in global health, known as epidemiological transition, have given rise to a different model of mortality characterised by a declining share of infectious diseases and a growing share of non-communicable diseases [1]. Infectious diseases still pose a serious problem for public health, in developing countries, where they are the most common factors contributing to mortality and disability They constitute the second most common cause of death [2]. Well-known infectious and parasitic diseases which can be countered by current medical methods are being replaced by new ones and modern doctors often lack the knowledge to cope with them. This problem is further exacerbated by the growing phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. They play a key role in the formation of certain neoplasms, such as hepatitis C, hepatocellular carcinoma, HPV and cervical cancer
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