Abstract

Boiling characteristics of water-based and ionic magnetic fluid have been visualized using x-ray microfocus. During magnetic fluid boiling, large vapor bubbles nucleated around the vicinity of the heating surface and particles that came into contact with the heating element formed agglomerates large enough to be seen in real time x-ray images. This caused irreversible damage to the magnetic fluid heated to temperatures higher than 373 K. However, application of the magnetic field showed improvements in heat transfer characteristics and ionic magnetic fluid performed better over the water-based magnetic fluid. Ultramicroscope observations of ionic and water-based magnetic fluids heated only up to 353 K in vacuum for ten consecutive days and were found stable. However, ionic magnetic fluid heated in a vacuum glass cell at 373 K burst suggesting the accumulation of noncondense gas.

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