WITHDRAWN: Revealing the neuroprotection and neurodegeneration efficacy of marine sponge extract in Parkinson's disease using gene expression and molecular docking

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is one of the most prevalent neurological conditions (PD). The pathogenesis of PD was thought to involve mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. In this study, PD was induced in zebrafish models, and the effectiveness of MS01 sponge extract in neuroprotective effects was assessed. In zebrafish models, rotenone and MS01-mixed pellets were fed, tested for sensitivity and motor function, and euthanized. Histopathology and confocal images of the zebrafish brain were then analyzed for the expression of the PINK1 and Parkin genes. Gene expression study showed MS01 was effective against neurodegeneration at a dose-dependent concentration. The compound xenin identified by LC-MS/MS analysis was selected for in silico studies. Using molecular docking and modeling techniques, the gene expression of PINK1 and Parkin were also investigated. The analysis showed binding of the xenin peptide to the PINK1-Ubiquitin complex may enhance the stability of the complex and increase the production of Parkin, which reduces Parkinson's disease symptoms (PD). This demonstrates the neuroprotective effects of the xenin peptide.