Abstract
The prognosis of patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is poor, with a 3-year overall survival rate ranging between 10% and 29%. Moreover, the optimal treatment for these patients remains unclear. We designed a new salvage regimen consisting of azacitidine combined with cladribine, cytarabine, and granulocyte-stimulating factor (CLAG) for AML treatment. Here, we describe the case of a 21-year-old female patient who relapsed with AML [karyotype t(8,21)(q22,q22)]. The patient did not respond to standard induction chemotherapy but achieved complete remission without severe hematological or extramedullary toxicity following the azacitidine plus low-dose CLAG treatment. The results indicate that this latter regimen is a promising reinduction therapy option for patients with relapsed/refractory AML. Nevertheless, further research is required as this report describes only a single case treated using the new regimen.
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