Abstract
For the first time, the design and implementation of a fully-integrated wireless information and power transfer system, operating at 24 GHz and enabling battery-less sensor nodes, is presented in this paper. The system consists of an RF power source, a receiver antenna array, a rectifier, and a battery-less sensor node which communicates via backscatter modulation at 868 MHz. The rectifier circuits use commercially available Schottky diodes to convert the RF power to DC with a measured efficiency of up to 35%, an improvement of ten percentage points compared with previously reported results. The rectifiers and the receive antenna arrays were jointly designed and optimised, thereby reducing the overall circuit size. The battery-less sensor transmitted data to a base station realised as a GNU Radio flow running on a bladeRF Software Defined Radio module. The whole system was tested in free-space in laboratory conditions and was capable of providing sufficient energy to the sensor node in order to enable operation and wireless communication at a distance of 0.15 metres.
Highlights
The research field of wireless power transfer (WPT) has attracted considerable attention due to the novel battery-free solutions it could enable in many emerging applications across different domains such as infrastructure robotics, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and sensor networks [1], [2]
COMPARISON OF RECTIFIER CONFIGURATIONS we present a performance comparison in terms of simulated RF-DC conversion efficiency of the two rectifier configurations using the two different diodes
The rest of the system modules used in this demonstration are: (i) the proposed rectifier in shunt configuration with a 4 × 4 planar microstrip patch antenna array, as illustrated in Fig. 13; (ii) power management module (Texas Instruments BQ25570), which uses a 4.7 mF capacitor to store the DC energy; (iii) a sensor node that uses a low-power microcontroller to implement backscatter communication at 868 MHz; and (iv) a Nuand BladeRF Software Defined Radio (SDR) module which acts as a receiver for the sensor node data
Summary
The research field of wireless power transfer (WPT) has attracted considerable attention due to the novel battery-free solutions it could enable in many emerging applications across different domains such as infrastructure robotics, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and sensor networks [1], [2]. In this paper, such a complete wireless information and power transfer system, operating at 24 GHz, is experimentally demonstrated for the purposes of charging a battery-less sensor node.
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