Abstract
In this short note we have reconsidered the Jeans criterion for gravitational contraction of a gas nebula at different temperatures, from the present-day background radiation temperature (2.8 K) to those which existed at the early stage of the Universe. We demonstrate that the initial mass of quasars cannot be of the order of single galaxy masses, but rather 106 solar mass only. If they have larger masses, it must be the result of subsequent accretion process. Nevertheless quasars, formed prior to the stars, were the immediate source of the elements heavier than helium.
Highlights
The chemical composition of stars is related to the advancement of their evolution
We demonstrate that the initial mass of quasars cannot be of the order of single galaxy masses, but rather 106 solar mass only
In order to obtain with formula (4) a mass of a single galaxy (1010 M⊙) instead of a single star, the expression T3/2n–1/2 has to attain a value of the order of 109
Summary
The chemical composition of stars is related to the advancement of their evolution. Stars are born from various size interstellar nebulae and die as white dwarfs, neutron stars or black holes. During the latest evolutional stages a significant fraction of the star’s mass is rejected back into space, what enriches the resources of interstellar matter. The K and H lines of the ionized calcium are most pronounced in the most distant galaxies and these (metallic) lines were used by Edwin P. For the explanation we will return to the earliest stage of star formation, i.e. to gravitational contraction of a sufficiently large gaseous nebula
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