Abstract
Snakebite envenomation in Indonesia is a health burden that receives no attention from stakeholders. The high mortality and morbidity rate caused by snakebite in Indonesia is estimated from regional reports. The true burden of this issue in Indonesia needs to be revealed even starting from a small part of the country. Medical records from a Hospital in Bondowoso Regency were the data source of the snakebite cases. Three spatial statistical summaries were applied to analyze the spatial pattern of snakebite incidents. The comparison between statistical functions and the theoretical model of random distributions shows a significant clustering pattern of the events. The pattern indicates that five subdistricts in Bondowoso have a substantial number of snakebite cases more than other regions. This finding shows the potential application of spatial statistics for the snakebite combating strategy in this area by identifying the priority locations of the snakebite cases.
Highlights
Snakebite envenomation is a recurrent medical emergency that causes serious illness and fatality
Summary functions were developed based on measuring the distance between points and can be categorized into nearest neighbor distances, empty space distances and pairwise distances (Baddeley 2010)
F function measures the average space left between events and represents the empty space distances (Baddeley 2010; Bivand et al 2013)
Summary
Snakebite envenomation is a recurrent medical emergency that causes serious illness and fatality. Victims surviving this deadly hazard suffer from physical and psychological sequelae (Gutierrez et al 2006; Cruz et al 2009; Warrell 2010a; Williams et al 2010). Agricultural workers are the most vulnerable population group to snake encounter when they are active in the field This makes this hazard a public, occupational, and environmental health problem (Gutierrez et al 2006; Cruz et al 2009; Harrison et al 2009; Gutierrez et al 2010; Williams et al 2010)
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