Abstract
Biomineralization in solution was investigated with aqueous extracts of wheat bran, pH 5–8, added with CaCl2 and incubated 5, 10, or 15 d at 6±2°C. Solution pH and weight of precipitates were monitored. Particles were isolated and characterized by stereoscopic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD). Stereoscopical images showed polydisperse particles of undefined shape at 5d in the whole range of pH and CaCl2 concentrations. Starting from 10d, the effects of pH and CaCl2 concentration were evident on precipitate weight, particle size, and morphology, as smooth spherical particles were seen. Best conditions for production of particles were incubating 10d, initial pH 6.27, 0.75M CaCl2. SEM images revealed spheroidal particles, 110–200μm diameter, with internal microstructure consisting of elongated sheets, 200nm width, 20nm thick, radially aligned. The P/Ca rates were around 1.0, whereas FTIR and XRD analyses evidenced a single phase of calcium phosphate dihydrate (Ca2HPO4·2H2O), or brushite, in a range of final pH 5.3–6.3. Results confirmed that wheat bran extracts act as scaffolds for biomineralization in aqueous solution.
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