Abstract
Auxins mediate various processes that are involved in plant growth and development in response to specific environmental conditions. Its proper spatio-temporal distribution that is driven by polar auxin transport machinery plays a crucial role in the wide range of auxins physiological effects. Numbers of approaches have been developed to either directly or indirectly monitor auxin distribution in vivo in order to elucidate the basis of its precise regulation. Herein, we provide an updated list of valuable techniques used for monitoring auxins in plants, with their utilities and limitations. Because the spatial and temporal resolutions of the presented approaches are different, their combination may provide a comprehensive outcome of auxin distribution in diverse developmental processes.
Highlights
Auxin, which was the first-identified plant hormone, plays a fundamental role in plant growth and development
Auxin binding to TIR1/AFB induces the proteasomal-dependent degradation of Aux/Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by targeting the domain II for ubiquitination, and releases AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) from repression enabling auxin response
We describe the recent advances in monitoring auxin distribution and signalling, as well as bioanalytical tools for the quantification and visualisation of auxin metabolites at tissue and cellular level
Summary
Auxin, which was the first-identified plant hormone, plays a fundamental role in plant growth and development (e.g., inducing vascular tissue differentiation, tropic responses, and promoting root development). The loss of the asymmetric distribution of auxin due to the genetic alteration of PIN function affects many developmental processes, e.g., embryogenesis, organogenesis, tissue differentiation, and various tropisms [19,20,21] It has been shown several times that auxin influx carriers (AUX1/LAX) play an important role during gravitropism, phototropism, lateral root, and root-hair development [22,23,24,25]. We describe the recent advances in monitoring auxin distribution and signalling, as well as bioanalytical tools for the quantification and visualisation of auxin metabolites at tissue and cellular level
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