Abstract
The most severe DNA-damage is the double-strand break (DSB) which, if not processed correctly, can lead to cell death or cancer. Cells have evolved two fundamentally different DSB repair mechanisms. Homologous recombination repair utilizing a homologous template and non-homologous end joining operating without template and without, or with only minimal, homology requirements. Knowledge of these mechanisms at the molecular levels will advance our understanding of cancer development and will pave the way to new strategies for treating cancer.
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