Abstract
As departments make the transition from screen/film imaging to soft‐copy interpretation, the emphasis of the quality control program must shift from controlling the quality and consistency of the images on film to controlling the quality and consistency of the image on the display device. A fundamental feature of this new QC process is the assessment of the performance of the display device itself. This presentation will cover the performance characteristics of CRT and LCD displays and quality assurance and assessment techniques for primary display systems. The information given reflects the recommendations of the American College of Radiology (ACR) as outlined in their Technical Standard for Teleradiology (Rev. 2002) and the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) in On‐line Report #3 (OR‐3), the report of Task Group 18 (TG18), entitled Assessment of Display Performance for Medical Imaging Systems. The presentation will introduce the performance requirements of the ACR and AAPM for primary displays and will provide instructions for performing display assessment based on TG18 methodology. Recommendations for the instrumentation necessary to perform these tasks will also be made. As a summary, important characteristics of a display QC program will be outlined.Educational Objectives1. Understand the technology behind CRT and LCD display devices and how they affect display performance.2. Gain familiarity with the information contained in OR‐3 and the standards for display performance and QC in the ACR standard for teleradiology. Gain familiarity with the procedural details involved with evaluation of primary diagnostic display devices according to the methods outlined in the pending TG18 task group report.3. Be able to establish and support an on‐going primary display QC program in a PACS‐based clinical environment.OutlineDisplay Performance RequirementsACRAAPMInstrumentationLuminance MeterLight baffleIlluminance MeterDiffusion BoxPocket Telescope (30x – 50x)Magnifying Glass (2x)Plastic rulerMasksTest patternsTG18 QC (General Purpose QC and Geometric distortion)TG18 LN (Luminance response)TG18 UNL‐10 and −80 (Luminance uniformity, Chromaticity, Dead pixel evaluation)TG18 AFC (Noise assessment)TG18 CX (Resolution)TG18 VG (Veiling glare)TG18 LPH and LPV (Dead pixel evaluation)ProceduresLuminance ResponseMax Brightness & ContrastLuminance UniformityReflectionSpecular ReflectanceDiffuse ReflectanceLuminance of the Reflected IlluminanceReflection & Ambient LightingSpecular reflection of illuminated background objectsDiffuse reflection effect on Lmin and contrastResolution (CRT only)NoiseGeometric Distortion (CRT only)Veiling Glare (CRT only)Pixel Defects (LCD only)Acceptance TestsLuminance ResponseLuminance UniformityReflectionNoiseResolution (CRT)Geometric Distortion (CRT)Veiling Glare (CRT)Pixel Defects (LCD only)Monthly (CRT) / Quarterly (LCD) TestsLuminance responseEvaluation of the TG18‐QC test patternExperienceSelf‐calibrating displaysTest frequencyEducational Objectives:1. Participants will be familiar with primary display performance requirements published by the ACR and the AAPM.2. Participants will be able to perform primary display assessment according to procedures outlined in AAPM TG18 (draft).3. Participants will be able to design and implement a robust quality control program for primary displays in a PACS environment.4. Participants will be able to identify specific performance tests for CRT displays and for LCD displays.
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