Abstract
The Royal Society of England first introduced the concept of journal article refereeing around the middle of the 18th century as an attempt to improve the quality of the<i>Philosophical Transactions</i>, the first British medical journal.<sup>1</sup>Nearly 250 years later, we still believe that the intelligent and prudent guidance of peer reviewers is key to maintaining a professional journal of high quality. Rigorous peer review prevents the publication of poor science by applying the most stringent standards when evaluating the validity of research. It often provides the authors with constructive comments to strengthen the content of studies that are ultimately published. Most especially, it prevents both the author and the journal from losing credibility among readers. Circulation and readership figures reveal that many non— peer-reviewed publications are included in the regular reading of physicians. A growing proliferation of such non—primary source periodicals creates severe competition for reader time, especially
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