WAYS TO TRANSLATE DIALECTS IN A LITERARY TEXT

Abstract

The article dwells on the study devoted to the translation of dialects used by the authors of literary texts as a means of giving a special colouring to some area. Being forms of the language, they are used within a certain geographic location as a means of the speech attribute of the character and as a detail disclosing its social context.The dialect is considered to be a retreat from the literary standard and is juxtaposed to it though in linguistics there is a set of various approaches to the problem. The article points out the difference between the terms «dialect» and «accent» highlighting that the latter is a narrower notion and just a constituent of the «dialect».Dialects in a literary text are aimed at rendering certain ideas and performing various functions depending on which one should carry out a strategy of their transfer to the target text in the course of the pre-translation analysis. Distinctive features of dialects point to the existence of the problem connected with their translatability. In general, there are three approaches to it: complete untranslatability, complete translatability and relative translatability. The relative translatability approach seems to be the most adequate as dialectal words refer to zero equivalent lexical units and locative peculiarities of dialects cannot be translated into a foreign language. In this respect the transformation of compensation turns out to be the most essential way of dialects translation. It can be assumed that there are several types of compensation. The article employs clippings from several literary texts to accentuate the highest efficiency and importance of vertical compensation due to resorting to units of different linguistic levels. This way of using compensation allows translating the maximum of the content and of the communicative value of the source text, though it is common knowledge that some loss of information is inevitable.