Ways to Increase the Durability and Reliability of Functional Units of Automotive Equipment

Abstract

The operation of the engine in optimal temperature conditions provides the possibility of obtaining the highest indicators of its efficiency, namely, maximum output power; minimum fuel mixture consumption; increase in effective service life; increase in the reliability coefficient. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to substantiate the indicators for evaluating the efficiency of cooling systems of functional units used on automotive equipment. (Materials and methods) The introduction of surfactants with a fluorocarbon radical into the engine oil leads to an improvement in the operational characteristics of the functional units of machinery and power plants (power, specific fuel consumption and others), which is due to a decrease in hydrodynamic friction. (Results and discussion) When adding an antifriction additive to the engine oil, there is an increase in engine power and torque by 2.5-3.0 percent; reduction of specific fuel consumption by up to 6.9 percent, hourly fuel consumption by 3-4 percent; reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, improvement of fuel efficiency in the urban cycle by 2.6 percent, in rural by 2.8 percent, in mixed by 2.7 percent, reduction of acceleration time in the speed range of 80-130 kilometers per hour by 2.8 percent. (Conclusions) The organization of cooling processes of working units and heat carriers of their systems should be carried out taking into account the mutual influence of these components. This approach allows for the reconstruction of cooling systems both at the final stages of design and during operation. For the functioning of auxiliary cooling systems and the improvement of heat exchange, a detailed study and analysis of the operational processes of agricultural machinery are necessary. The creation of the most efficient cooling systems and conducting research using various lubricants requires consideration of the temperature- dynamic properties of cooling systems, taking into account the patterns of changes in their temperature modes and lubrication of functional systems depending on operating conditions and the environment, which will allow to identify the parameters of reliability of operability.