Abstract
Abstract. With rapid urbanization, there will be more conflict between human systems and the riverine ecological system, and therefore, ecological operations, practices and research must involve the ecological water replenishment of entire river basins with new modeling tools. In this study, we establish an ecological flow-oriented water resource allocation and simulation framework (E-WAS). Virtual reservoirs and ecological units are added to the water resources network. With new water balance equations for virtual reservoirs and ecological units, the E-WAS can simulate the ecological replenishment process in a river basin and can provide a recommended water replenishment scheme that considers optimization principles. The E-WAS was applied in the Longgang River Basin, Shenzhen, China. 17 ecological units and 45 water supply nodes are considered in the model. A water replenishment scheme that used water from 31 reservoirs and reclaimed water from 7 water sewage plants was selected. This scheme significantly increased the satisfactory degree of ecological water demand and efficiently supported the formulation of a control scheme for the water environment of a basin. The E-WAS framework is similar to model plug-ins but helps to avoid the large workload that is required for model redevelopment and can expand the functions of models quickly.
Highlights
Replenishing ecological water through reservoir operation has become a major metric for the restoration of river ecosystems worldwide
Water balance equation for an ecological unit: QU = QUresu + QUwru + QUoresu where QU is the water used by the ecological environment within the time period (10 000 m3); QUresu is the water supplied to the virtual reservoir (10 000 m3); QUwru is the water supplied by reclaimed water sources (10 000 m3); and QUoresu is the water imported into the reservoir from external sources (10 000 m3)
Replenish ecological flow with reclaimed water reservoir release sidering multiple combinations of reclaimed water and surface water, the following three schemes are set to identify the ability of water replenishment for river channels with different water resources (Table 3)
Summary
Replenishing ecological water through reservoir operation has become a major metric for the restoration of river ecosystems worldwide. An ecological replenishment scheme is implemented to restore the natural ecosystem of a river basin consists by adjusting reservoir release and restoring the natural rhythm of the river flow as much as possible, at the same time ensuring flood control and no significant decrease in benefit (e.g., power generation and irrigation) (Higgins and Brock, 1999; Symphorian et al, 2003; Gippel et al, 2002; Dong, 2007). This study will help decision-makers formulate ecological water replenishment schemes for river basins at the planning level. 3 describes the application of the E-WAS framework in the Longgang River Basin, and Sect.
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