Abstract
Adding a mechanical degree of freedom to the electrical and optical properties of atomically thin materials can provide an excellent platform to investigate various optoelectrical physics and devices with mechanical motion interaction. The large scale fabrication of such atomically thin materials with suspended structures remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate the wafer-scale bottom–up synthesis of suspended graphene nanoribbon arrays (over 1,000,000 graphene nanoribbons in 2 × 2 cm2 substrate) with a very high yield (over 98%). Polarized Raman measurements reveal graphene nanoribbons in the array can have relatively uniform-edge structures with near zigzag orientation dominant. A promising growth model of suspended graphene nanoribbons is also established through a comprehensive study that combined experiments, molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical calculations with a phase-diagram analysis. We believe that our results can contribute to pushing the study of graphene nanoribbons into a new stage related to the optoelectrical physics and industrial applications.
Highlights
Adding a mechanical degree of freedom to the electrical and optical properties of atomically thin materials can provide an excellent platform to investigate various optoelectrical physics and devices with mechanical motion interaction
The growth kinetics of the suspended Graphene nanoribbon (GNR) is systematically investigated through a comparison of thermal chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and plasma CVD results
Gate-tunable suspended GNR arrays with high electrical conductivity can open up a novel stage for both fundamental studies and practical applications of GNR in various optoelectrical, chemical and biological application fields in combination with the mechanical degree of freedom
Summary
Our fabrication method for suspended GNRs includes the following benefits: first, wafer-scale integration; second, relatively uniform-edge structure with near zigzag orientation; third, electrically addressable local-gate structures; and fourth, high electrical conductivity. These can contribute to pushing GNR studies from basic science to practical use, especially in the optoelectrical field for various sensors (gas, chemical and biological), highly sensitive photon detectors in the terahertz region, and the spintronic device application using unique spin state in zigzag edge GNRs in combination with the mechanical motion of GNRs. Growth dynamics of suspended GNR. This is consistent with the hydrophobic-like behaviour of Ni þ C nanoparticles with a lower carbon concentration
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