Abstract

The rich electronic and band structures of monolayered crystals offer versatile physical/chemical properties and subsequently a wide range of applications. Fabrication, particularly by the top-down “exfoliation” processes, relies on the presence of weak van der Waals force between individual layers. Due to the strong chemical bonds between planes and atoms, unzipping ultrathin crystals (from one to several unit cells thick) from non-layered structures is more challenging. This work reports a technique used to prepare such ultrathin crystals from bulk non-layered structures (ɑ-/β-MnO2, ZnO, TiO2, ɑ-TiB2). The physical and optical properties of these materials are characterized and contrasted against those from their bulk phases. The work presented here represents a tool kit for the preparation of novel 2D non-layered nanomaterials, providing significant contributions to this family of materials, paving the way for even more applications. Furthermore, we show the application of these novel NCs for biosensing and electrochemical oxygen reduction.

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