Abstract
This paper studies the application of distributed and centralized solutions for voltage control in low voltage (LV) grids with high photovoltaic (PV) penetration. In traditional LV grids, the coordination of distributed PV converters and a centralized device would require massive investments in new communication and control infrastructures. The alternative of exploiting distributed PV converters for voltage control is discussed, showing that it can help to stabilize the voltage in the grid connection points also without coordination between them and/or with a centralized unit. The goal of this paper is to investigate how the setup of the voltage controllers inside PV inverters affects the operation of these controllers taking into account the limits for reactive power injection. In addition, the interaction of distributed PV converters with centralized devices (static var compensators and on load tap changers) is analyzed to assess whether additional benefits may come in these cases.
Highlights
P HOTOVOLTAIC (PV) systems have become one of the most important renewable sources of energy in the world
This paper has considered emerging solutions for low voltage (LV) grids, with centralized voltage control from OLTCs or static var compensator (SVC), together with distributed control from PV converters
The interaction among centralized and distributed voltage control devices has been studied in depth, to understand how voltages and losses change in different configurations
Summary
P HOTOVOLTAIC (PV) systems have become one of the most important renewable sources of energy in the world. In addition to environmental advantages due to energy production free from pollutant emissions, economic returns are achieved with respect to fossil fuels. Date of publication September 5, 2018; date of current version December 12, 2018. Paper 2018-PSEC-0528.R1, presented at the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2017 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, Milan, Italy, Jun. 6–9, and approved for publication in the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS by the Power Systems Engineering Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society. Boicea is with the Department of Electrical Power Systems, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucuresti 060042, Romania (e-mail:, boicea@ ieee.org)
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