Abstract
The VOLCORE (Volcanic Core Records) database is a collection of 34,696 visible tephra (volcanic ash and lithological or grain size variations) occurrences reported in the initial reports volumes of all of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP; 1966–1983), the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP; 1983–2003), the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP; 2003–2013) and the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP; 2013-present) up to and including IODP Expedition 381. The combined international ocean drilling programmes (OD) have locations with global coverage. Cored tephra layers and tephra-bearing sediments span timescales from recent to ~150 million years in age. This database is a collection of information about reported visible tephra layers entirely or predominantly composed of volcanic ash. Data include the depth below sea floor, tephra thickness, location, and any reported comments. An approximate age was estimated for most (29,493) of the tephra layers using published age-depth models. The database can be used as a starting point for studies of tephrochronology, volcanology, geochemistry, studies of sediment transport and palaeoclimatology.
Highlights
Background & SummaryAn important contribution of ocean drilling is to provide records of explosive volcanism through the occurrences of visible volcanic tephra layers and volcanic tephra dispersed in sediment
This paper documents and describes a comprehensive global database of visible tephra layers identified in cores from the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP), Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) programs
The VOLCORE database collates every record of tephra from the ocean drilling programmes (OD) archive of the Visual Core Description (VCD) forms
Summary
An important contribution of ocean drilling is to provide records of explosive volcanism through the occurrences of visible volcanic tephra (volcanic ash and lithological or grain size variations) layers and volcanic tephra dispersed in sediment (cryptotephra). The database is called VOLCORE (Volcanic Core Records). The VOLCORE database collates every record of tephra from the OD archive of the Visual Core Description (VCD) forms (produced during the initial description of the sediments). Cryptotephra are an important record of volcanism, but are not included in VOLCORE because this information is not routinely available in the VCD archive. Tephra deposits reported in VOLCORE predominantly represent a record of large magnitude explosive volcanism but may include deposits formed by other processes, e.g. flank collapse deposits, turbidites or hyaloclastites from submarine volcanism
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