"Vocabularius breviloquus" Johannesa Reuchlina jako podstawa rękopiśmiennego Słownika Bartłomieja z Bydgoszczy (na materiale nazw własnych)

The article is devoted to the study of the word-forming features of anthroponymic formants with the main -r- in the formation and development of surnames of the Rivne region. It is argued that the origins of modern word-forming formants with the main -r- date back to Proto-Indo-European antiquity. Their word-forming activity and productivity increased as a result of the evolutionary complication of the structure, the integration of constituent components, the processes of contamination, the rearrangement of bases, etc. In the Pravlovian language, its own original and branched system of suffixes was formed, among which two foreign-language morphemes with the main consonant -r-: *-arjь and -yr-а. The first of these was borrowed by the ancient Slavs from Latin through the mediation of the ancient Germanic languages and was actively used to create names for people by profession and occupation, which could potentially become the lexical basis for future anthroponyms. Surnames with the element -r-, which are formed from names, nicknames and appellations with a patronymic meaning or the meaning of a subjective assessment with a certain tinge of rudeness, are widespread in the historical territory of the Rivne region, starting from the middle of the last millennium. Their share among modern surnames of the region reaches two and a half percent. The most common representatives of the thematic group are names ending in -ar- (-яр-) and -ер- (-ер-). A characteristic feature of the creation of regional surnames is the dominance of the lexical-semantic mode over the morphological one. It is noted that, based on the systematicity and completeness of coverage, surnames formed as a result of the formalization of appellations or proper names containing the element -r-, which is part of the root of the word, are deliberately included in this group of names. It is worth noting a significant number of analyzed surnames, which are difficult to interpret from the point of view of the method of word formation and understanding of semantics at the current synchronic stage of social development.

The article is dedicated to the research of the specific of the motive base of one of the types of individual nicknames – teacher’s nicknames. During the last decade school communication underwent essential changes according to our observations school nicknames are less popular instead of it the other types of unofficial individual nomination appear in the virtual space, such as nicknames, so the analyzed nicknames class needs urgent fixing and scientific description.Teachers’ nicknames as individual nicknames characterize the personality via herself and according to her personal qualities. Their analysis can be realized by different variables such as lexical base, structure, emotional coloration, formation type, nomination motives. Motive criterion of analysis and systematization we suppose as one of the most important because it opens the way to more profound understanding of vital nomination processes in the national anthroponymy. The most widespread motives of nomination of teachersingly 35,5 %, 7,9 % і 9,5 %) – totally 52,9 %. Extend motive forces of the creation of teachers’ nicknames as well as in the regional systems of individual nicknames there are external, internal and communicative teachers peculiarities (correspondingly 35,5 %, 7,9 % і 9,5 %) – totally 52,9 %. Extend motive forces of the creation of teachers’ nicknames are also official anthroponyms (surnames, names, fathers’ names) of denotations themselves (22,1%) and of other persons (7,9%) according to similarity – totally 30%. The last five motive groups include 17,1 % among them the widespread are nicknames, which are motivated by the occupation, the position, or the sphere of speaker’s activity – approximately 9,5 % and the nicknames, which are motivated by the life situation or denotation action, – approximately 4,2 %; the rest 2,5 % – nicknames with the lost motivation or poly-motivated.Teachers’ nicknames, as it is known, don’t belong to the eldest layers of national anthroponymy, and analyzed proper names – generally are the example of modern system of unofficial anthroponymy. Nevertheless, today they have traditional for individual nicknames motive base, certify standard schemes of their derivation and say about continuity of tradition and enormous potential of onomastic creation of Ukrainians, and also are the evidence of the wealth and unique opportunities of Ukrainian anthroponym system.

The life of every nation has always been associated with certain ideas about the nature of things. Since people formed their cultural traditions within a particular territory, accordingly the attitude to different objects and concepts in various traditions turned out to be extremely diverse. However, as cultural relations and interlingual interference, some idio-ethnic features could change over time. A noticeable diversity is observed when referring to the vocabulary of color terms, which varies from language to language even concerning primary colors, even though the human eye everywhere perceives the colorful diversity of the world in the same way. The article discusses Kazakh-English anthroponyms with color components. The common models of the considered type of personal names are revealed, the denotative meanings of the lexical bases of onyms are characterized, as well as the connotative meanings introduced by colors in anthroponyms. The ethnocultural component of the onomastic semantics of a proper name is described, based on the worldview of the people through the prism of the linguistic picture of the world. Keywords: anthroponym, the ethnocultural component of semantics, culture codes, color-coding

The article continues the author’s series of publications on Ukrainian regional onomastics. The material under study is grouped according to lexical and semantic features, both internal and external, which form a basis of an oikonymic nomination, where each class of source propriatives has its own principles and methods of naming. Particular attention is focused on a detailed description of structural and grammatical features of two-component oikonyms, the main part of which is a noun combined with an attributive member. The dominant model turned up as “adjective + noun,” which arose as a result of combining administrative and economic or geographical terms with qualitative, possessive, relative adjectives and adjectonyms. Such definitions characterize an object by its physical soil properties, size, location, vegetation, etc. The process of naming the denotation was based on the principle of metonymy, synecdoche or as a result of metaphorical comparison. The compound nominations that have lost their productivity in modern oikonimia include the names of settlements, the motivational basis of which was a combination of Slavic autochthonous personal names of vicarious origin or Christian anthroponyms and administrative and economic terms. The research material allows us to state that the names of prepositional constructions (the so-called landmark oikonyms) are also not typical for the oikonymicon of Cherkasy area. The initial lexical base for the creation of such names was most often microtoponyms, less often – hydronyms and other oikonyms. At the same time, motivational relations that arose between a denotation and the oikonym at the time of naming are commented on, the influence of extralinguistic factors on the process of formation of the oikonymic system of Cherkasy area is established. Such names characterize an object by physical properties of the soil, size, location, nature of vegetation, etc. It is proved that semantic characteristics of the appellative and proprietary vocabulary differ significantly. It has been found that different classes of onymes have different criteria for a semantic analysis. The practical value of the article lies in the fact that the identified proper names of people from the archaic types of geographical names of Cherkasy area have replenished the pan-Slavic anthroponymicon of a studied region.