Abstract
The United States Federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been working with state investigators on reported cases of lung illnesses linked to e-cigarette or vaping products. Symptoms of difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, chest pains, gastrointestinal sickness leading to serious lung damage and death has been linked to the risk behavior of using vaping products bought on the streets in healthy young people. CDC has detected vitamin E acetate as a chemical of concern among people with the lung injury. Vitamin E acetate is a condensing agent in vaping products, and all injured lung fluid samples appear to harbor this agent. The mysterious outbreak is identified in individuals vaping within the 90 days, ranging over a few days to developing over several weeks. There is growing evidence that vaping is hazardous to your health including immediate health dangers such as death from respiratory causes, long term health effects, cardiovascular events, depression which increases the risk of suicidal thoughts and suicide. This review article summarizes the growing knowledge of acute respiratory complications associated with vaping.
Highlights
Background“Vaping” is the practice of inhaling an aerosol created by heating a liquid or wax containing substances, such as nicotine, cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, additives, and flavorings such as propylene glycol, glycerol and flavored nicotine [1]
Vitamin E acetate is an oily chemical commonly added to THC vaping liquids to dilute or thicken them; the substance has been acknowledged as a potential toxin of concern by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), due to its ability to remain in the lungs for long periods of time, and cause complications in the lungs
The identification of vitamin E acetate as a harmful chemical in vaping liquid allows physicians to implement more concentrated care when treating vaperelated illnesses and allows for the general public to gain a better understanding of the harmful substances in vaping products
Summary
“Vaping” (i.e., heating) is the practice of inhaling an aerosol created by heating a liquid or wax containing substances, such as nicotine, cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, additives, and flavorings such as propylene glycol, glycerol and flavored nicotine [1]. The 17-year-old boy vaped “intensively,” adding THC to his devices He initially showed symptoms aligning with bronchiolitis (lung condition normally caused by a bacterial or viral infection), but many patients that have vape-related illnesses in the United States have experienced damage to the alveoli; this type of injury was not found. The American Lung Association has called for the FDA to require that diacetyl and other hazardous chemicals be removed from e-cigarette cartridges While it is still widely debated which particular component of vape liquid is the cause of illness, vitamin E acetate, has been identified as a potential culprit in vape-related illnesses.
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