Abstract
The structure and function of the anuran middle ear has been explored both physiologically and structurally. It is similar to that of some other vertebrates (birds and reptiles) in that it has a two-ossicle system consisting of an extracolumella and a columella. However, there are notable species and gender variations. Peter Narins has made significant contributions to our understanding of this unusual middle ear. One example is that the middle ear of terrestrial frogs has a cartilaginous operculum adjacent to the columellar footplate. Following on Peter's work, to better understand the middle ear in situ, we obtained Micro CT and Ultra High Resolution Helical (UHR CT) scans of the middle ear in intact heads of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) on a Zeiss Xradia 520 Versa and a Siemens Volume Zoom at 10–100 μm isotropic voxel resolutions. Image analyses showed the core of the columella in this species is not a simple column but a twisted shaft. Further, the extracolumella is not constructed of dense cartilage but rather is a complex with exceptional soft, semi-cartilaginous tissues. Implications of these findings for middle ear function will be discussed.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
