Abstract
Many Mycoplasma species are involved in caprine and ovine pneumonia all over the world causing serious economic losses. These species have been reported as a cause of pneumonia, mastitis, arthritis, conjunctivitis and genital infection. The detection of Mycoplasma species in the respiratory system of sheep and goat was the objective of the present study. So, a total of 400 samples (250 from sheep and 150 from goat) were examined bacteriologically, biochemically; PCR, and by sequencing; in addition to the antibiotic susceptibility profiles screening. Only 13 isolates could be identified as Mycoplasma species. One of these sequences was submitted to the Genbank taking the accession number MK910041; Mycoplasma species 'ovine/caprine serogroup 11'. Only 7 isolates were weak biofilm producer and the other 6 isolates were non biofilm producers; 8 isolates were positive for catalase test and 5 were negative. H2S production was recorded in 10 isolates; hemolysis was detected in only 6 isolates. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for seven antimicrobial agents, including danofloxacin, tulathromycin, tylosin, streptomycin, lincomycin, florfenicol and oxytetracycline were determined. All the isolates (100%) were sensitive to tulathromycin and tylosin, streptomycin and oxytetracycline, 38.5% of them were sensitive to danofloxacin and 69.2% were sensitive to florfenicol while 69.2% of isolates were resistant to lincomycin. As all the isolates were recovered from apparently healthy as well as clinically diseased animals and identified as untyped Mycoplasma species, So, more investigations will be done to full identify these isolates and discover their roles in infection.
Highlights
Mycoplasmas are the smallest, self-replicating bacteria that lack cell walls; they have intrinsic resistance to penicillin and B- lactam antibiotics
Mycoplasma species have been reported as a cause of pneumonia, mastitis, arthritis, conjunctivitis and genital infection
Out of 400 samples from sheep and goats, only 13 (3.25%) were identified as Mycoplasma species represented as 2 isolates (1%) from sheep lung samples, 3 isolates (6%) from sheep nasal swabs, 3 isolates (7.5%) from goat lung samples and 5 isolates (4.5%) from goat nasal swabs
Summary
Mycoplasmas are the smallest, self-replicating bacteria that lack cell walls; they have intrinsic resistance to penicillin and B- lactam antibiotics. They affect all animal species such as chicken flocks (El-Ashram et al, 2021), sheep, goats (Adehana et al, 2006), and human beings, causing serious pathological conditions including respiratory problems and mastitis, arthritis and genital disorders. Sheep are important household animals and play a major role in the economic status of farmers in Egypt like many other developing countries. They constitute an important component of Egypt’s food security plan. The most pathogenic Mycoplasma species affecting sheep and goats is Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp); the main cause of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) OIE (2017) List disease; and M. agalactiae; the cause of classical contagious agalactia (CA)
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