Abstract
The application of renewable energy is stimulating since the environmental pollution and the increase in demand for global energy consumption have become the main concerns of humanity. However, the intermittent nature of renewable sources could seriously affect the frequency stability of the system which needs to be solved. In this paper, the Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) based on battery/supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) is proposed to handle the stochastic power output of Photovoltaic (PV). First, the power allocation methods for HESS and its comparison are illustrated. Second, the comparison of the frequency deviation suppression strategies is presented. Moreover, as the adjustable parameters of VSG (J, D) is a key superior to the conventional synchronous generator; hence, a part of this paper will be introduced a new evolutionary algorithm called Backtracking Search Optimize Algorithm (BSA) to tune the parameters of the VSG in real time. To investigate the control performance, the standalone microgrid is modeled in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Several case studies are conducted, and the results prove the improvement of the system frequency by attenuating the maximum overshoot of frequency deviation from 50.18 Hz to 50.03 Hz.
Highlights
Electrical energy plays a major role in our life, and it is a key driver in the industrial society
The novelty of this study introduces the new power allocation method for Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) and its combination with the adaptive Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) algorithm based on Backtracking Search Optimize Algorithm (BSA) to improve the frequency deviation suppression capability
It is worth mentioning that the objective of this simulation is to demonstrate the ability of VSG to mitigate the frequency deviation which results from the strong variation of PV output power
Summary
Electrical energy plays a major role in our life, and it is a key driver in the industrial society. The significant increase of global power consumption, the extinction of conventional energy resources such as coal, oil and gas, and the environmental pollution which is caused by the energy production, are the main challenge for the electric utility. To handle these issues, the application of renewable energy in form of microgrid can be considered as the best alternative energy resource. The application of distributed generators based on renewable sources can cause as many problems as it may be solved. The inherently intermittent and power fluctuation of the renewable sources such as Photovoltaic (PV).
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