Abstract
The virtual modification of the appearance of an object using lighting technologies has become very important in recent years, since the projection of light on an object allows us to alter its appearance in a virtual and reversible way. Considering the limitation of non-contact when analysing a work of art, these optical techniques have been used in fields of restoration of cultural heritage, allowing us to visualize the work as it was conceived by its author, after a process of acquisition and treatment of the image. Furthermore, the technique of altering the appearance of objects through the projection of light has been used in projects with artistic or even educational purposes. This review has treated the main studies of light projection as a technique to alter the appearance of objects, emphasizing the calibration methods used in each study, taking into account the importance of a correct calibration between devices to carry out this technology. In addition, since the described technique consists of projecting light, and one of the applications is related to cultural heritage, those studies that carry out the design and optimization of lighting systems will be described for a correct appreciation of the works of art, without altering its state of conservation.
Highlights
The colour and appearance of an object depend on the physical and chemical properties of the object itself, the source of visible electromagnetic energy that illuminates it, and the observer who detects the energy reflected by the object [1]
Wang et al.’s instrument works in real time, so it is limited by the camera resolution and 2D image processing, Revealing Flashlight performs 3D object pre-analysis, the displayed images are not limited by the camera resolution or by analysis time, allowing a more detailed visualization of the object, obtaining the results shown in Figure 3 [11]
Its purpose has been to provide the necessary help related to the calibration and lighting processes that may be required in future applications
Summary
The colour and appearance of an object depend on the physical and chemical properties of the object itself, the source of visible electromagnetic energy that illuminates it, and the observer who detects the energy reflected by the object [1]. The complexity of implementing this technique in the field of conservation of cultural heritage objects consists in the development of a lighting system that allows a safe display of the artwork without producing alterations in its appearance with respect to when it was made by the artist. This is due to the photochemical and thermal effect of light, causing degradation of the materials it illuminates.
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