Virtual chassis for snake robots

Abstract

We present a new method of defining a body coordinate frame for locomoting snake robots. Representing the motion of snake robots from the perspective of the robot is difficult because the internal shape changes that the robot uses to locomote interact with world in a complex way. Therefore, rather than representing the system in a body frame that is static to some fixed point on a link, we instead define a body frame that is consistent with the overall shape of the robot in all configurations. We are able to define such a body frame by continuously aligning it with the principal moments of inertia taken at the center of mass of the robot. In some cases we are able to further exploit symmetry in the shape of the robot's cyclic motion (gait), and use non-linear optimization to more precisely align the body frame with the true axis of symmetry of the robot's shape. These shape stable body frames serve as virtual chassis that effectively separate the internal motion of a gait from the external motion due to that gait's interaction with the world. Furthermore, these body frames allow the motion of the robot to be described in a way that is well-aligned with one's intuitive notions of position and orientation that arise when considering the system as a whole.