Abstract
This descriptive study aimed to investigate the association between violence in the family, school and community experienced by school children/adolescents of the city of São Gonçalo (RJ), Brazil. Questionnaires were administered to the mothers/guardians to assess violence in the family and school and to children to check their perceptions of community violence. Multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis, two exploratory descriptive techniques, were employed. Data from 280 schoolchildren were analyzed. A total of 43.9% of mothers reported that their children had been physically abused in their homes. With regard to children's/adolescents' perception of community violence, 93.2% said they had experienced or witnessed these events in their communities. For both sexes there was the formation of a cluster of categories with the presence of violence among siblings, presence of severe physical assault and verbal assault committed by parents. Among girls, the presence of violence in the school formed a cluster with the highest category of violence in the community. In conclusion, it should be emphasized that public policies aimed at dealing with violence should expand their scope to the various forms of violence affecting children.
Highlights
O presente estudo descritivo teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre as situações de violência na família, na escola e na comunidade vividas e presenciadas por crianças e adolescentes do município de São Gonçalo (RJ)
The sample studied was comprised of data from 280 children/adolescents, of which 142 (50.7%) were boys and 138 (49.3%) were girls
The first observation to be made is the high percentage of children who have experienced family violence, whether this is physical or psychological; community violence is alarming
Summary
O presente estudo descritivo teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre as situações de violência na família, na escola e na comunidade vividas e presenciadas por crianças e adolescentes do município de São Gonçalo (RJ). Foram aplicados questionários às mães/responsáveis para aferir a violência na família e na escola, e às crianças para verificar sua percepção sobre a violência comunitária. Verificou-se que 43,9% das mães informaram que seus filhos sofrem violência física severa em suas casas. Quanto à percepção das crianças/adolescentes sobre a violência comunitária, 93,2% afirmaram já ter vivido ou presenciado esses eventos em suas comunidades. Para ambos os sexos verificou-se a formação de um aglomerado com as categorias presença de violência entre irmãos, presença de violência física severa e de agressão verbal dos pais contra a criança/adolescente. A presença de violência na escola formou um aglomerado com a categoria mais elevada de violência na comunidade. Conclui-se salientando que as políticas públicas de enfrentamento à violência devem ampliar seu foco de atuação para as variadas formas de violência que afligem as crianças/ adolescentes
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